Single shot ultrafast all optical magnetization switching of ferromagnetic Co/Pt multilayers

Gorchon, Jon; Lambert, Charles‐Henri; Yang, Yang; Pattabi, Akshay; Wilson, R. B.; Salahuddin, Sayeef; Bokor, Jeffrey

doi:10.1063/1.4994802

Cited by 70 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…We will discuss possible coupling mechanisms below and discuss additional experiments to test the validity of these mechanisms. The first possible explanation is the presence of a static exchange coupling, which has been reported to be at the origin of the single‐shot AOS of a [Co/Pt] bilayer coupled to a GdFeCo layer . In this study, the final state of the [Co/Pt] layer is determined by the sign of the interlayer coupling.…”

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confidence: 71%

Single‐Shot Multi‐Level All‐Optical Magnetization Switching Mediated by Spin Transport

Iihama

Deb

et al. 2018

Advanced Materials

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for GdFeCo-based materials. The AO-HIS has been described by a thermal-driven switching mechanism attributed to the transient ferromagnetic-like states and the transfer of angular momentum between Gd sub-lattice and FeCo sub-lattice. [2,3,[17][18][19][20] Very recently, this type of switching has not only been observed in the case of light pulses, but also for electron pulses. [7][8][9] In contrast to AO-HIS, in the case of alloptical helicity-dependent switching (AO-HDS), the final state of magnetization is determined by the circular polarization of the light. AO-HDS has been observed for a large variety of magnetic materials such as ferrimagnetic alloy, ferrimagnetic multilayer, ferromagnet thin films, and granular recording media. [4,5,[10][11][12][13][14][15] However, so far, multiple pulses are necessary to fully deterministically switch the magnetization for AO-HDS. [10,16] The use of singlepulse switching would be interesting because it is ultrafast and energy-efficient, however, restriction to Gd-based materials limit potential spintronic devices application. Furthermore, in order to move towards ultrafast-spintronic applications, one needs to study and understand the fundamental mechanism not only for single layers, as it has been done in most study so far, but also in more complex structures like spin-valve structures, a key building block of modern spintronics. Selective magnetization switching in spin-valve structures or more complex heterostructures will enable multi-level magnetic storage and memories. [21][22][23] Here, we demonstrate that the four possible magnetic configurations of a magnetic spin-valve structure ([Co/Pt]/Cu/GdFeCo), shown schematically in Figure 1 where both layers are magnetically decoupled, can be accessed using a sequence of single fs light pulses. We show that a single laser pulse is able to switch the magnetization of either the GdFeCo layer alone or the magnetizations of both GdFeCo and [Co/Pt] layers, depending on the optical pulse intensity. We attribute this magnetic configuration control of the multilayer to, in part, a result of the ultrafast magnetization dynamics in spin-valve structure as well as ultrafast non-local transfer of angular momentum between layers. [24][25][26][27][28][29] Indeed, ultrafast quenching of magnetization in ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic layers creates spin-polarized currents that propagate in the metallic spacer layer and transfer the angular momentum to the other magnetic layer. We believe the switching of the [Co/Pt] layer results from a combination of optical excitation and the All-optical ultrafast magnetization switching in magnetic material thin film without the assistance of an applied external magnetic field is explored for future ultrafast and energy-efficient magnetic storage and memories. It is shown that femtosecond (fs) light pulses induce magnetization reversal in a large variety of magnetic materials. However, so far, only GdFeCo-based ferrimagnetic thin films exhibit magnetization switching via a single optical pulse. Here,...

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confidence: 71%

Single‐Shot Multi‐Level All‐Optical Magnetization Switching Mediated by Spin Transport

Iihama

Deb

et al. 2018

Advanced Materials

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“…Similarly, ultrafast control of the exchange bias in GdFeCo/[Co/Pt] ferri-magnetic/ferro-magnetic heterostructures via single linearly polarized laser pulses has also been recently demonstrated [122], allowing an ultrafast manipulation of the magnetization in the ferromagn etic layer. These studies open new applications in spintronic devices, where the exchange bias phenomenon is routinely used to fix the magnetization orientation of a magnetic layer in one direction.…”

Section: Institut Jean Lamour Umr 7198 Cnrs -Université De Lorrainementioning

confidence: 99%

The 2017 Magnetism Roadmap

Sander

Valenzuela

Makarov

et al. 2017

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

326

207

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Building upon the success and relevance of the 2014 Magnetism Roadmap, this 2017 Magnetism Roadmap edition follows a similar general layout, even if its focus is naturally shifted, and a different group of experts and, thus, viewpoints are being collected and presented. More importantly, key developments have changed the research landscape in very relevant ways, so that a novel view onto some of the most crucial developments is warranted, and thus, this 2017 Magnetism Roadmap article is a timely endeavour. The change in landscape is hereby not exclusively scientific, but also reflects the magnetism related industrial application portfolio. Specifically, Hard Disk Drive technology, which still dominates digital storage and will continue to do so for many years, if not decades, has now limited its footprint in the scientific Topical ReviewOriginal content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI. and research community, whereas significantly growing interest in magnetism and magnetic materials in relation to energy applications is noticeable, and other technological fields are emerging as well. Also, more and more work is occurring in which complex topologies of magnetically ordered states are being explored, hereby aiming at a technological utilization of the very theoretical concepts that were recognised by the 2016 Nobel Prize in Physics.Given this somewhat shifted scenario, it seemed appropriate to select topics for this Roadmap article that represent the three core pillars of magnetism, namely magnetic materials, magnetic phenomena and associated characterization techniques, as well as applications of magnetism. While many of the contributions in this Roadmap have clearly overlapping relevance in all three fields, their relative focus is mostly associated to one of the three pillars. In this way, the interconnecting roles of having suitable magnetic materials, understanding (and being able to characterize) the underlying physics of their behaviour and utilizing them for applications and devices is well illustrated, thus giving an accurate snapshot of the world of magnetism in 2017.The article consists of 14 sections, each written by an expert in the field and addressing a specific subject on two pages. Evidently, the depth at which each contribution can describe the subject matter is limited and a full review of their statuses, advances, challenges and perspectives cannot be fully accomplished. Also, magnetism, as a vibrant research field, is too diverse, so that a number of areas will not be adequately represented here, leaving space for further Roadmap editions in the future. However, this 2017 Magnetism Roadmap article can provide a frame that will enable the reader to judge where each subject and magnetism research field stands overall today and which directions it might take in the foreseeable future.The first mater...

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“…For instance, temperature increases induced by laser beams can modify the equilibrium conditions and start a magnetization precession, switch it between different easy axis minima [6,7], or modify the magnetization hysteresis loops in applied fields [8]. Magnetic structures induced by laser beams [9,10,11,12,13], all-optical switching (AOS) in thin ferrimagnetic rare-earth and ferromagnetic superlattices [14,15], hybrid structures [16] and granular media [17,18] have been observed. Local ultrafast [8,19] as well as thermal models of AOS [20,21,22,23,24] have been proposed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat diffusion in magnetic superlattices on glass substrates

Hoveyda

Adnani

Smadici

2017

Journal of Applied Physics

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Pump-probe experiments and polarizing microscopy are applied to examine temperature and heat flow in metallic magnetic superlattices on glass substrates. A model of heat diffusion in thin layers for cylindrical symmetry, equivalent to the Green's function method, gives a good description of the results. The frequency dependence of temperature modulation shows that a glass layer should be added to the sample structure. The demagnetization patterns are reproduced with a Green's function that includes an interface conductance.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figure

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Single shot ultrafast all optical magnetization switching of ferromagnetic Co/Pt multilayers

Cited by 70 publications

References 26 publications

Single‐Shot Multi‐Level All‐Optical Magnetization Switching Mediated by Spin Transport

Single‐Shot Multi‐Level All‐Optical Magnetization Switching Mediated by Spin Transport

The 2017 Magnetism Roadmap

Heat diffusion in magnetic superlattices on glass substrates

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