Singlet oxygen-dependent translational control in the
            <i>tigrina-d.12</i>
            mutant of barley

Khandal, Dhriti; Samol, Iga; Buhr, Frank; Pollmann, Stephan; Schmidt, Holger; Clemens, Stephan; Reinbothe, Steffen; Reinbothe, Christiane

doi:10.1073/pnas.0903522106

Cited by 45 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…The phosphorylation status of RPS6 is higher during the day than at night (Turkina et al, 2011), and is also elevated by cold , UV-B exposure (Casati and Walbot, 2004) and auxin (Beltran-Pena et al, 2002;Turck et al, 2004). In contrast, it is reduced by conditions that suppress translation such as heat (Scharf and Nover, 1982), hypoxia , and reactive oxygen (Khandal et al, 2009;Reinbothe et al, 2010). Recent crystal structures revealed the surprising result that RPS6 resides on the right (front) foot of the 40S subunit on the interface side (Klinge et al, 2012).…”

Section: S6 Kinasementioning

confidence: 99%

Translational Regulation of Cytoplasmic mRNAs

Roy

Arnim

2013

The Arabidopsis Book

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Translation of the coding potential of a messenger RNA into a protein molecule is a fundamental process in all living cells and consumes a large fraction of metabolites and energy resources in growing cells. Moreover, translation has emerged as an important control point in the regulation of gene expression. At the level of gene regulation, translational control is utilized to support the specific life histories of plants, in particular their responses to the abiotic environment and to metabolites. This review summarizes the diversity of translational control mechanisms in the plant cytoplasm, focusing on specific cases where mechanisms of translational control have evolved to complement or eclipse other levels of gene regulation. We begin by introducing essential features of the translation apparatus. We summarize early evidence for translational control from the pre-Arabidopsis era. Next, we review evidence for translation control in response to stress, to metabolites, and in development. The following section emphasizes RNA sequence elements and biochemical processes that regulate translation. We close with a chapter on the role of signaling pathways that impinge on translation.

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Section: S6 Kinasementioning

confidence: 99%

Translational Regulation of Cytoplasmic mRNAs

Roy

Arnim

2013

The Arabidopsis Book

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“…The translational status of individual transcripts is regulated by diverse environmental stimuli, including carbon availability (8,9), cold (10, 11), dehydration (6, 10, 12), excess cadmium (13), heat (14), hypoxia (7,15), pathogens (16), photomorphogenic illumination (17), reillumination (18), salinity (10), singlet oxygen (19), symbionts (20), and unanticipated darkness (21). Translation is also modulated by regulatory molecules, including auxin (22,23), gibberellins (24), and polyamines (25).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Translational dynamics revealed by genome-wide profiling of ribosome footprints in Arabidopsis

Juntawong

Girke

Bazin

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

369

415

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Translational regulation contributes to plasticity in metabolism and growth that enables plants to survive in a dynamic environment. Here, we used the precise mapping of ribosome footprints (RFs) on mRNAs to investigate translational regulation under control and sublethal hypoxia stress conditions in seedlings of Arabidopsis thaliana. Ribosomes were obtained by differential centrifugation or immunopurification and were digested with RNase I to generate footprint fragments that were deep-sequenced. Comparison of RF number and position on genic regions with fragmented total and polysomal mRNA illuminated numerous aspects of posttranscriptional and translational control under both growth conditions. When seedlings were oxygen-deprived, the frequency of ribosomes at the start codon was reduced, consistent with a global decline in initiation of translation. Hypoxia-up-regulated gene transcripts increased in polysome complexes during the stress, but the number of ribosomes per transcript relative to normoxic conditions was not enhanced. On the other hand, many mRNAs with limited change in steady-state abundance had significantly fewer ribosomes but with an overall similar distribution under hypoxia, consistent with restriction of initiation rather than elongation of translation. RF profiling also exposed the inhibitory effect of upstream ORFs on the translation of downstream protein-coding regions under normoxia, which was further modulated by hypoxia. The data document translation of alternatively spliced mRNAs and expose ribosome association with some noncoding RNAs. Altogether, we present an experimental approach that illuminates prevalent and nuanced regulation of protein synthesis under optimal and energy-limiting conditions. ribosome profiling | uORF | alternative splicing | long intergenic noncoding RNA | translational efficiency

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“…The FLU and the barely TIGRINA-d.12 genes are negative regulators of the precursor of chlorophyll, protochlorophyllide, preventing its accumulation in the dark (Meskauskiene et al, 2001;op den Camp et al, 2003;Khandal et al, 2009). These mutants can be grown in constant light as a result of continuous light-dependent conversion of protochlorophyllide.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Singlet Oxygen Signatures Are Detected Independent of Light or Chloroplasts in Response to Multiple Stresses

et al. 2014

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The production of singlet oxygen is typically associated with inefficient dissipation of photosynthetic energy or can arise from light reactions as a result of accumulation of chlorophyll precursors as observed in fluorescent (flu)-like mutants. Such photodynamic production of singlet oxygen is thought to be involved in stress signaling and programmed cell death. Here we show that transcriptomes of multiple stresses, whether from light or dark treatments, were correlated with the transcriptome of the flu mutant. A core gene set of 118 genes, common to singlet oxygen, biotic and abiotic stresses was defined and confirmed to be activated photodynamically by the photosensitizer Rose Bengal. In addition, induction of the core gene set by abiotic and biotic selected stresses was shown to occur in the dark and in nonphotosynthetic tissue. Furthermore, when subjected to various biotic and abiotic stresses in the dark, the singlet oxygen-specific probe Singlet Oxygen Sensor Green detected rapid production of singlet oxygen in the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) root. Subcellular localization of Singlet Oxygen Sensor Green fluorescence showed its accumulation in mitochondria, peroxisomes, and the nucleus, suggesting several compartments as the possible origins or targets for singlet oxygen. Collectively, the results show that singlet oxygen can be produced by multiple stress pathways and can emanate from compartments other than the chloroplast in a light-independent manner. The results imply that the role of singlet oxygen in plant stress regulation and response is more ubiquitous than previously thought.

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Singlet oxygen-dependent translational control in the tigrina-d.12 mutant of barley

Abstract: cell death ͉ photooxidative stress ͉ ribosome structure ͉ S6 phosphorylation ͉ ribosome dissociation

Cited by 45 publications

References 57 publications

Translational Regulation of Cytoplasmic mRNAs

Translational Regulation of Cytoplasmic mRNAs

Translational dynamics revealed by genome-wide profiling of ribosome footprints in Arabidopsis

Singlet Oxygen Signatures Are Detected Independent of Light or Chloroplasts in Response to Multiple Stresses

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