Situation Model for Situation-Aware Assistance of Dementia Patients in Outdoor Mobility

Yordanova, Kristina; Koldrack, Philipp; Heine, Christina; Henkel, Ron; Martin, Mike; Teipel, Stefan J.; Kirste, Thomas

doi:10.3233/jad-170105

Cited by 21 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…We have also followed the approach when annotating the behaviour of people with dementia during their outdoor mobility [ 50 ]. People with dementia do act goal-oriented.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creating and Exploring Semantic Annotation for Behaviour Analysis

Yordanova

2018

Sensors

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Providing ground truth is essential for activity recognition and behaviour analysis as it is needed for providing training data in methods of supervised learning, for providing context information for knowledge-based methods, and for quantifying the recognition performance. Semantic annotation extends simple symbolic labelling by assigning semantic meaning to the label, enabling further reasoning. In this paper, we present a novel approach to semantic annotation by means of plan operators. We provide a step by step description of the workflow to manually creating the ground truth annotation. To validate our approach, we create semantic annotation of the Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) grand challenge dataset, which is often cited, but, due to missing and incomplete annotation, almost never used. We show that it is possible to derive hidden properties, behavioural routines, and changes in initial and goal conditions in the annotated dataset. We evaluate the quality of the annotation by calculating the interrater reliability between two annotators who labelled the dataset. The results show very good overlapping (Cohen’s κ of 0.8) between the annotators. The produced annotation and the semantic models are publicly available, in order to enable further usage of the CMU grand challenge dataset.

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“…We have also followed the approach when annotating the behaviour of people with dementia during their outdoor mobility [ 50 ]. People with dementia do act goal-oriented.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creating and Exploring Semantic Annotation for Behaviour Analysis

Yordanova

2018

Sensors

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“…Wearable sensor data and data provided by the GRAIL system are synchronized by an event-based mechanism (ie, participants perform a distinctive movement at the beginning of the recording, which can be easily located in all sensors) and are resampled to 100 Hz. All wearable sensors have been used in previous studies [ 6 , 30 ] and validated [ 31 - 33 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An offline annotation procedure was applied to the video data recorded during the orientation task, for assessing the observable orientation behavior of the participants using the ELAN 5.8 tool (The Language Archive) [ 36 ]. As a coding scheme, we used an adequate adaption of the coding scheme provided by Yordanova et al [ 30 ]. The same scheme has been used in the SiNDeM field study [ 6 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Spatial Disorientation in a Virtual Environment on Gait and Vital Features in Patients with Dementia: Pilot Single-Blind Randomized Control Trial

et al. 2020

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Background Orientation deficits are among the most devastating consequences of early dementia. Digital navigation devices could overcome these deficits if adaptable to the user’s needs (ie, provide situation-aware, proactive navigation assistance). To fulfill this task, systems need to automatically detect spatial disorientation from sensors in real time. Ideally, this would require field studies consisting of real-world navigation. However, such field studies can be challenging and are not guaranteed to cover sufficient instances of disorientation due to the large variability of real-world settings and a lack of control over the environment. Objective Extending a foregoing field study, we aim to evaluate the feasibility of using a sophisticated virtual reality (VR) setup, which allows a more controlled observation of disorientation states and accompanying behavioral and physiological parameters in cognitively healthy older people and people with dementia. Methods In this feasibility study, we described the experimental design and pilot outcomes of an ongoing study aimed at investigating the effect of disorientation on gait and selected physiological features in a virtual laboratory. We transferred a real-world navigation task to a treadmill-based virtual system for gait analysis. Disorientation was induced by deliberately manipulating landmarks in the VR projection. Associated responses in motion behavior and physiological parameters were recorded by sensors. Primary outcomes were variations in motion and physiological parameters, frequency of disorientation, and questionnaire-derived usability estimates (immersion and perceived control of the gait system) for our population of interest. At this time, the included participants were 9 cognitively healthy older participants [5/9 women, 4/9 men; mean age 70 years, SD 4.40; Mini–Mental State Examination (MMSE) mean 29, SD 0.70) and 4 participants with dementia (2/4 women, 2/4 men; mean age 78 years, SD 2.30 years; MMSE mean 20.50, SD 7.54). Recruitment is ongoing, with the aim of including 30 cognitively healthy older participants and 20 participants with dementia. Results All 13 participants completed the experiment. Patients’ route was adapted by shortening it relative to the original route. Average instances of disorientation were 21.40, 36.50, and 37.50 for the cognitively healthy older control, cognitively healthy older experimental participants, and participants with dementia, respectively. Questionnaire outcomes indicated that participants experienced adequate usability and immersion; 4.30 for presence, 3.73 for involvement, and 3.85 for realism of 7 possible points, indicating a good overall ability to cope with the experiment. Variations were also observed in motion and physiological parameters during instances of disorientation. Conclusions This study presents the first feasibility outcomes of a study investigating the viability of using a sophisticated VR setup, based on an earlier real-world navigation study, to study spatial disorientation among cognitively healthy older people and people with dementia. Preliminary outcomes give confidence to the notion that our setup can be used to assess motion and physiological markers of disorientation, even in people with cognitive decline. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04134806

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“…The importance of this distinction becomes obvious when applied to situation-aware assistive systems (e.g., Krüger et al, 2014;Yordanova et al, 2017). Translating the authors' suggested theoretical extension to include situational information by applying machine-readable data interpretation systems (ontologies), these groups have succeeded, for instance, in detecting, with great precision, situational instances of reallife disorientation in older persons.…”

Section: Lawton Revisitedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Considering Situational Variety in Contextualized Aging Research – Opinion About Methodological Perspectives

et al. 2021

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Due to the increasingly heterogeneous trajectories of aging, gerontology requires theoretical models and empirical methods that can meaningfully, reliably, and precisely describe, explain, and predict causes and effects within the aging process, considering particular contexts and situations. Human behavior occurs in contexts; nevertheless, situational changes are often neglected in context-based behavior research. This article follows the tradition of environmental gerontology research based on Lawton’s Person-Environment-Interaction model (P-E model) and the theoretical developments of recent years. The authors discuss that, despite an explicit time component, current P-E models could be strengthened by focusing on detecting P-E interactions in various everyday situations. Enhancing Lawton’s original formula via a situationally based component not only changes the theoretical perspectives on the interplay between person and environment but also demands new data collection approaches in empirical environmental research. Those approaches are discussed through the example of collecting mobile data with smartphones. Future research should include the situational dimension to investigate the complex nature of person environment interactions.

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Situation Model for Situation-Aware Assistance of Dementia Patients in Outdoor Mobility

Cited by 21 publications

References 39 publications

Creating and Exploring Semantic Annotation for Behaviour Analysis

Creating and Exploring Semantic Annotation for Behaviour Analysis

Effect of Spatial Disorientation in a Virtual Environment on Gait and Vital Features in Patients with Dementia: Pilot Single-Blind Randomized Control Trial

Considering Situational Variety in Contextualized Aging Research – Opinion About Methodological Perspectives

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