Six problems with the 6-day Curie and a solution

Paterson, Adi; Druce, M.; Killen, Elizabeth

doi:10.1007/s10967-015-4050-4

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…This term represents how much 99 Mo radioactivity remains 6 days after the end of processing. Figure 3 highlights the six-day Curie concept through the 99 Mo supply chain (Paterson et al, 2015). The "six-day Curie" concept has been introduced by the manufacturers as a base for calibrating the sales price.…”

Section: Highly Enriched Uranium (Heumentioning

confidence: 99%

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New strategies for a sustainable 99mTc supply to meet increasing medical demands: Promising solutions for current problems

Nawar

Türler

2022

Front. Chem.

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The continuing rapid expansion of 99mTc diagnostic agents always calls for scaling up 99mTc production to cover increasing clinical demand. Nevertheless, 99mTc availability depends mainly on the fission-produced 99Mo supply. This supply is seriously influenced during renewed emergency periods, such as the past 99Mo production crisis or the current COVID-19 pandemic. Consequently, these interruptions have promoted the need for 99mTc production through alternative strategies capable of providing clinical-grade 99mTc with high purity. In the light of this context, this review illustrates diverse production routes that either have commercially been used or new strategies that offer potential solutions to promote a rapid production growth of 99mTc. These techniques have been selected, highlighted, and evaluated to imply their impact on developing 99mTc production. Furthermore, their advantages and limitations, current situation, and long-term perspective were also discussed. It appears that, on the one hand, careful attention needs to be devoted to enhancing the 99Mo economy. It can be achieved by utilizing 98Mo neutron activation in commercial nuclear power reactors and using accelerator-based 99Mo production, especially the photonuclear transmutation strategy. On the other hand, more research efforts should be devoted to widening the utility of 99Mo/99mTc generators, which incorporate nanomaterial-based sorbents and promote their development, validation, and full automization in the near future. These strategies are expected to play a vital role in providing sufficient clinical-grade 99mTc, resulting in a reasonable cost per patient dose.

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Section: Highly Enriched Uranium (Heumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At this point, the overall 99 Mo activity remains unchanged. That is because the quantity of 99 Mo produced by the target irradiation equals the loss of 99 Mo activity due to the radioactive decay (Paterson et al, 2015;NEA, 2017).…”

Section: Highly Enriched Uranium (Heumentioning

confidence: 99%

New strategies for a sustainable 99mTc supply to meet increasing medical demands: Promising solutions for current problems

Nawar

Türler

2022

Front. Chem.

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“…Once the 99 Mo is separated and purified, it is sent to generator manufacturers. From there, the generator manufacturers sell the packaged generators in different quantities (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) to large hospitals and centralized radiopharmacies, where individual doses are dispensed in syringes for single patient injections.…”

Section: Overview Of Production and Processing Of 99 Momentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some have suggested dropping this approach to the measurement of the amount of 99 Mo in a generator (9). According to Paterson et al (10), the use of the term six-day curie is applied inconsistently: The calibration time is given variously as time since end of production, time since leaving production facility, or time since arrival at the technetium generator manufacturer (9, 10).…”

Section: Overview Of Production and Processing Of 99 Momentioning

confidence: 99%

The Shortage of Technetium-99m and Possible Solutions

Ruth

2020

Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci.

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Following a major shortage of 99Mo in the 2009–2010 period, concern grew that the aging reactor production facilities needed to be replaced. Most producers were using highly enriched 235U (HEU) as the target material. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and the International Atomic Energy Agency sought to remedy these issues by removing HEU from medical isotope production and implementing full cost recovery to enable new production entities to compete with the existing multipurpose reactor facilities, which were heavily subsidized by their respective governments. This review examines the various approaches to producing 99Mo and/or 99mTc with a critical eye toward their potential success in ( a) producing the medical isotopes and ( b) being able to successfully enter and compete in the market. Because many of the new approaches are adapting existing technologies for commercial businesses, some of the details are of a proprietary nature and not available for in-depth technical review. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science, Volume 70 is October 19, 2020. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

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“…In fact, decay over 6 days reduces Mo-99 to about 22 percent of its initial activity. Paterson et al (2015) noted that supply chain participants inconsistently define 6-day curie calibration times. The calibration time is variously stated as time since EOP, time since leaving the Mo-99 supplier's facility, or time since arrival at the technetium generator manufacturer .…”

Section: Sidebar 23 6-day Curiementioning

confidence: 99%

Molybdenum-99 for Medical Imaging

Earth¹

2016

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Technetium-99m, the decay product of molybdenum-99, is the most widely used radionuclide for medical imaging. The images on the cover were produced during a myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) study using technetium-99m to assess blood flow to heart tissues (courtesy of Henry D. Royal, Washington University School of Medicine). The series of tomographic images at the top are produced during the stress portion (either exercise or pharmacological) of the test and the images at the bottom during the rest portion. The center image (referred to as a bulls-eye image) combines multiple images taken at stress or rest (in this case at rest) to assess myocardial perfusion defects. The black area of the bulls-eye image corresponds to areas of abnormal myocardial perfusion. The patient was diagnosed with a myocardial infarction (i.e., heart attack).

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Six problems with the 6-day Curie and a solution

Cited by 5 publications

References 2 publications

New strategies for a sustainable 99mTc supply to meet increasing medical demands: Promising solutions for current problems

New strategies for a sustainable 99mTc supply to meet increasing medical demands: Promising solutions for current problems

The Shortage of Technetium-99m and Possible Solutions

Molybdenum-99 for Medical Imaging

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