Skeletal Metastasis From Carcinoma of the Gall Bladder: Need for Bone Scintigraphy Justified?

Aswani, Yashant; Hira, Priya

doi:10.12659/pjr.895190

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Onwuchekwa et al 12 reported skull metastasis and Humeres et al 13 reported multiple lytic bone metastasis in GBC cases. Similar cases are reported from India by Shivendra et al , Kumar et al 14, Jain et al 15, Ramachandran et al 16, Prakash et al 17, Joshi et al 18, Chaudhari et al 19, Puranik et al 20, Joel et al 21, Aswani and Hira22, Varshney et al 23 and Sinha et al 24 (table 1). 5 Incidentally, most of such reports are from India, with very scarce data from outside India.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Gallbladder carcinoma presenting with disseminated bony metastasis

Upadhyay,

Shekhar,

Kumar

et al. 2024

BMJ Case Rep

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Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is the 23rd most common cancer worldwide and one of the three leading cancers in North and Northeast India. GBC has inferior outcomes due to its advanced presentation and poor response to chemotherapy. The approximate 5-year survival rate for metastatic GBC is less than 5%, with a median survival of around 6 months. Distant metastases from GBC to the bones happen in the later part of the natural history of the disease. Presentation with bony metastasis is infrequent, and less than 25 cases have been reported. Our case was an elderly man in his 70s who presented with back pain and, on workup, was detected to have adenocarcinoma of the gall bladder with disseminated lytic bony metastasis without any visceral metastasis. This case describes the natural history of such cases and discusses the role of bone scan or fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in the workup for GBC.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Gallbladder carcinoma presenting with disseminated bony metastasis

Upadhyay,

Shekhar,

Kumar

et al. 2024

BMJ Case Rep

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“…This distribution of metastasis was also seen in our study, with liver as the most common site of metastasis. Lung and bone metastasis is quite rare, and our series had just one each [14,15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outcomes of metastatic neuroendocrine carcinoma of the gallbladder

Ghosh¹,

Chatterjee²,

Ganguly³

et al. 2021

ecancer

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Background: Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the gallbladder (NECGB) is a rare pathological entity. They are found to be aggressive cancers. Treatment strategies are based largely on extrapolation from other small cell cancers. Survival is poor compared to adenocarcinoma. Data from low-and middle-income countries are sparse. Methods: All patients with metastatic NECGB treated in our centre were identified. Their treatment details were captured from electronic medical records. Baseline characteristics were noted and survival was estimated using Kaplan-Meir method. Results: A total of 15 patients were included. The median age was 55 years. Large cell comprises 2/15 and small cell was found in 13/15 patients. Chemotherapy was platinumbased in 12 patients. The response to first-line chemotherapy was partial in 3 (20%), stable disease in 2 (13.3%) and progressive disease in 10 (66.6%). After a median duration of follow-up of 12 months, the median progression free survival was 3 months and the median overall survival was 5 months. Conclusion: The outcomes of small cell gallbladder cancer are dismal, despite good response rate. More prospective data are required.

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“…As such, combinatorial treatment regimens incorporating chemotherapy, targeted therapies, and immunotherapies are actively being explored to extend survival and quality of life [8,9]. Despite several reported cases and series in the literature, population-level data on treatment outcomes and prognostic evaluation of GBC remains limited, punctuated by anecdotal experiences [6,10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, beyond the already established poor prognosis of GBC, the presence of isolated bone metastasis in GBC is associated with an even more unfavorable outcome when compared to isolated lung and distant lymph node metastasis [16]. However, there is a paucity of literature exploring bone metastasis in gallbladder cancers, with the majority of the existing data being derived from case reports and small series [6,10,11]. To address this research gap, we used the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, a large cancer registry, to conduct a comprehensive analysis of bone metastasis in patients with gallbladder adenocarcinoma, the most common histologic subtype of the gallbladder cancers [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognosis and Treatment Outcomes of Bone Metastasis in Gallbladder Adenocarcinoma: A SEER-Based Study

Gera,

Kahramangil,

Fenton

et al. 2023

Cancers

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Background: Gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) is a rare, aggressive malignancy comprising 0.5% of gastrointestinal cancers. It has poor survival outcomes due to its insidious onset, lack of standardized screening, and limited therapies. Advanced-stage diagnosis with liver, lymph node, and peritoneal metastasis is common, while bone metastasis is rare. The knowledge on bone metastasis in GBC is limited to case reports and small series, and its clinical significance is largely unexplored. Methods: The study extracted the demographic and clinical variables of patients with metastatic (M1) gallbladder adenocarcinoma from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between 2011 and 2020. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the demographic characteristics. The multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to calculate the hazard ratio. The overall survival (OS) was assessed using the Kaplan–Meier method, and the log-rank test was utilized to compare the survival between the groups. Results: A total of 2724 patients were included in the study. A total of 69% of the patients were female, and the median age was 68 (range 24–90+). A total of 7.4% of the patients had bone metastasis on diagnosis. The multivariate Cox analysis identified bone metastasis as an independent mortality risk factor in metastatic GBC (HR 1.50, p < 0.001). The patients were divided into two age groups: a younger age group (18–74 years) and an older age group (75+ years). In the younger group, the median OS with and without bone metastasis was 3 and 5 months, respectively (p < 0.0001). In the older age group, there was no significant difference in the OS between the patients with and without bone metastasis (p = 0.35). In the younger group who were treated with chemotherapy, the patients with bone metastasis had a significantly worse OS (median OS 5 months vs. 8 months, p < 0.0001). In the untreated group, the patients with bone metastasis in the younger age group had a significantly worse OS (median OS 1 month vs. 2 months, p = 0.014). In the patients with bone metastasis, those who did not receive chemotherapy had a significantly worse OS than those who were treated with chemotherapy in both age groups (younger age group: median OS 1 month vs. 5 months, p < 0.0001 and older age group: median OS 1 month vs. 5 months, p = 0.041). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the presence of bone metastasis in gallbladder adenocarcinoma is an independent prognostic factor associated with unfavorable survival outcomes in the younger age group (18–74 years). However, in the older age group (75+ years), the presence of bone metastasis did not impact the survival. Treatment with chemotherapy was associated with extended survival in all patients. Thus, early detection and aggressive management of bone metastasis, including the consideration of chemotherapy, may be crucial in improving the OS and quality of life for individuals with gallbladder adenocarcinoma.

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Skeletal Metastasis From Carcinoma of the Gall Bladder: Need for Bone Scintigraphy Justified?

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

Gallbladder carcinoma presenting with disseminated bony metastasis

Gallbladder carcinoma presenting with disseminated bony metastasis

Outcomes of metastatic neuroendocrine carcinoma of the gallbladder

Prognosis and Treatment Outcomes of Bone Metastasis in Gallbladder Adenocarcinoma: A SEER-Based Study

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