Skin and respiratory exposure to soluble lead, cobalt, nickel, copper, arsenic and silver at two South African precious metals refineries

Linde, Stephanus J L; Franken, Anja; Plessis, Jeanetta du

doi:10.1007/s00420-022-01921-0

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 27 publications

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“…OACD was most frequent in construction workers (45%), the mainly involved area was hands, and the most frequent allergen was chromium (Cr) in cement [ 13 ]. It was found that precious metal refinery workers are exposed to non-platinum group metals: lead (Pb), Co, Ni, copper (Cu), arsenic (As) and silver (Ag), with exceeded occupational limits of the South African [ 14 ]. The occupational metal ions released at the workplace might entail legal ramifications regarding insurance law.…”

Section: Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Metal Allergy: State-of-the-Art Mechanisms, Biomarkers, Hypersensitivity to Implants

Zemelka‐Wiącek¹

2022

JCM

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Metal allergy is mainly an environmental disorder which can cause allergic contact dermatitis. Environmental metal exposures include jewelry, everyday metal items, mobile phones, leather, metal-rich food and implants, including stents or anchors. While consumer exposure is liable for the majority of metal hypersensitivity cases, the significance of occupational exposure to metals remains relevant. Although the most common metal allergens are nickel, chromium, and cobalt; however, lately, gold, palladium, titanium, and some others have also attracted attention. This review highlights advances in metal allergy mechanisms, biomarkers for potential patients’ stratification as well as biological treatments. The most recent evidence of human exposure to metal for risk assessment is discussed, as well as the relationship between the occurrence of metal hypersensitivity and implanted devices, including non-characteristic symptoms. The latest data on the diagnosis of metal hypersensitivity are also reported.

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Section: Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%