Sleep Bruxism

Lobbezoo, Frank; Koyano, Kiyoshi; Paesani, Daniel; Manfredini, Daniele

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-24288-2.00145-8

Cited by 24 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…22 The outcome of the international consensus discussion is summarised under the following 4 headings: (i) Non-instrumental approaches; (ii) Instrumental approaches; (iii) Cut-off points and (iv) Grading.…”

Section: Bruxism Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

International consensus on the assessment of bruxism: Report of a work in progress

Lobbezoo

Ahlberg

Raphael

et al. 2018

J of Oral Rehabilitation

904

1,268

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SummaryIn 2013, consensus was obtained on a definition of bruxism as repetitive masticatory muscle activity characterised by clenching or grinding of the teeth and/or by bracing or thrusting of the mandible and specified as either sleep bruxism or awake bruxism. In addition, a grading system was proposed to determine the likelihood that a certain assessment of bruxism actually yields a valid outcome. This study discusses the need for an updated consensus and has the following aims: (i) to further clarify the 2013 definition and to develop separate definitions for sleep and awake bruxism; (ii) to determine whether bruxism is a disorder rather than a behaviour that can be a risk factor for certain clinical conditions; (iii) to re-examine the 2013 grading system; and (iv) to develop a research agenda. It was concluded that: (i) sleep and awake bruxism are masticatory muscle activities that occur during sleep (characterised as rhythmic or non-rhythmic) and wakefulness (characterised by repetitive or sustained tooth contact and/or by bracing or thrusting of the mandible), respectively; (ii) in otherwise healthy individuals, bruxism should not be considered as a disorder, but rather as a behaviour that can be a risk (and/or protective) factor for certain clinical consequences; (iii) both non-instrumental approaches (notably self-report) and instrumental approaches (notably electromyography) can be employed to assess bruxism; and (iv) standard cut-off points for establishing the presence or absence of bruxism should not be used in otherwise healthy individuals; rather, bruxismrelated masticatory muscle activities should be assessed in the behaviour’s continuum.

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Section: Bruxism Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

International consensus on the assessment of bruxism: Report of a work in progress

Lobbezoo

Ahlberg

Raphael

et al. 2018

J of Oral Rehabilitation

904

1,268

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Participants aged 18–80 years were included if they fulfilled a diagnosis of bruxism according to the International Classification of Sleep Disorders Revised (ICSD-R) criteria. 19 20 Exclusion criteria were current use of medications affecting muscle relaxation (eg, benzodiazepines), a prior history of severe jaw trauma, concurrent orofacial pain of an alternate aetiology, a history of neuromuscular disease, contraindications to BTX-A (including current or planned pregnancy), and previous or current BTX-A injection for bruxism or other indications within 16 weeks of starting the study. Participants were also excluded if the baseline Bruxism Index (BI, described in detail below) was less than five.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At baseline and weeks four and 12 following injection, participants were asked to complete a bruxism symptom questionnaire (five-point scale), 19 23 the Short Form McGill (SFM) pain scale 24 (indicating pain in the jaw, head and neck region), the Headache Impact Test-6 (HIT-6) questionnaire, 25 and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). 26 The SFM included the subscales: Pain Rating Index (PRI), a present pain intensity Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and a score indicating the overall intensity of pain experience (SFMIII).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Participants were recruited between 2017 and 2020 from Royal Melbourne Hospital Neurology Clinics, Sleep and Respiratory Medicine Clinics, Dental practices and through participant self-referral following a diagnosis of bruxism by an external dentist or physician. Participants aged 18–80 years were included if they fulfilled a diagnosis of bruxism according to the International Classification of Sleep Disorders Revised (ICSD-R) criteria 19 20. Exclusion criteria were current use of medications affecting muscle relaxation (eg, benzodiazepines), a prior history of severe jaw trauma, concurrent orofacial pain of an alternate aetiology, a history of neuromuscular disease, contraindications to BTX-A (including current or planned pregnancy), and previous or current BTX-A injection for bruxism or other indications within 16 weeks of starting the study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficacy of botulinum toxin type a in the targeted treatment of sleep bruxism: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, cross-over study

et al. 2022

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BackgroundIntramuscular injections of botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) have been used in the treatment of sleep bruxism (SB) however controlled trials are limited and the optimal injection strategy and dose is not known.MethodsThis double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, cross-over study evaluated the efficacy and safety of BTX-A in participants with SB. Average bruxism events per hour of sleep (Bruxism Index, BI) was calculated using surface electromyography. Participants with BI >5 were included and randomised by order of injection (active or placebo with the opposite 20 weeks later) and into one of three differing treatment groups: bilateral masseter (60 units(U)), bilateral masseter and temporalis (90U) and bilateral masseter, temporalis and medial pterygoid muscles (120U). Change in BI and subjective measures of headache, pain, and bruxism at 4 and 12 weeks was calculated following intervention, and differences between treatment groups analysed.Results41 participants were recruited, 35 randomised and data from 22 participants (14 female) were analysed. BI was significantly lower at 4 weeks after active treatment when compared with placebo (mean=−1.66, p=0.003), not sustained at 12 weeks. The difference was greater with higher doses injected and among those with greater baseline BI. There was no difference in subjective measures at any time point. Five participants injected had mild, transient side effects.DiscussionTargeted BTX-A injection is a safe and effective treatment for SB. A greater benefit may be achieved by administering BTX-A into more muscles and at higher total doses and among those with higher baseline BI.Trial registration numberACTRN12618001430224.

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“…10 Pathologies considered to be caused by bruxism are abrasion of teeth, hypersensitivity or pain, mobility, cracks, problems observed in dental restorations, implants, and dentures. 11–14 Besides, hypertrophy in masticatory muscles, fatigue and pain, and temporary or chronic headaches may also be seen. 15 Although it is not possible to state a direct temporomandibular dysfunction caused by bruxism, it may be indicated that it exacerbates symptoms like pain and locking of the temporomandibular joint.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Changes in Depression Levels of Bruxism Patients Treated With Botulinum Toxin-A

Erdil

Bağiş

Eren

et al. 2021

Journal of Advanced Oral Research

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Aim: Bruxism is defined as the involuntary recurrent masticatory muscle activity characterized by gnashing, grinding, clenching of teeth, and/or pushing the mandible. Factors creating its etiology are peripheral (morphological) or central (physiopathological and physiological), and exogenous. Recently, among physiological factors, depression and bruxism were considered to be related. A definitive treatment method does not exist for bruxism; however, botulinum toxin-A (BT-A) application is an up-to-date and effective way of treatment. The present study is aimed to evaluate the levels of depression in bruxism patients treated with BT-A application. Materials and Methods: A total of 25 individuals (23 females and 2 males) who were diagnosed as bruxism patients were included in the study. 25 U of BT-A for each masseter muscle was injected into the patients. Patients were prospectively observed for a possible change in depression levels by using Beck’s Depression Inventory. The inventory was implemented before and six months after the BT-A application. Depression levels before and six months after the injection were compared. A paired t-test was used to compare “before” and “after” treatment values. One-way analysis of variance and post-hoc Tukey tests were used to evaluate the change in Beck’s Depression Inventory scores according to age groups. Results: The mean total score was 7.80 ± 8.10 before the treatment and 7.16 ± 6.52 six months after the treatment. The decrease in the mean score was not statistically significant ( P > .05). Conclusion: In conclusion, despite the decrease in the mean Beck’s Depression Inventory scores, a statistically significant decrease in the depression levels of patients was not observed.

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Sleep Bruxism

Cited by 24 publications

References 50 publications

International consensus on the assessment of bruxism: Report of a work in progress

International consensus on the assessment of bruxism: Report of a work in progress

Efficacy of botulinum toxin type a in the targeted treatment of sleep bruxism: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, cross-over study

Evaluation of Changes in Depression Levels of Bruxism Patients Treated With Botulinum Toxin-A

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