Sleep disorders in pediatric chronic kidney disease patients

Abstract

The prevalence of sleep disorders during childhood has been estimated to range from 25 to 43 %. The aim of this review is to determine the prevalence of sleep disorders and possible associations with chronic kidney disease (CKD)-related factors and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in children with CKD. An electronic systematic literature search for sleep disorders in children with CKD in Pubmed, Embase and the Cochrane Library Databases identified seven relevant articles for review, all of which reported an increased prevalence of sleep disorders in children with CKD. Five studies included children with CKD undergoing dialysis, and two studies included only non-dialysis patients. In all studies the presence of sleep disturbances was assessed by questionnaires; only one study compared the results of a validated questionnaire with laboratory-based polysomnography. The prevalence of any sleep disorder ranged from 77 to 85 % in dialysis patients, to 32-50 % in transplanted patients and 40-50 % in non-dialysis patients. The most commonly studied disorder was restless legs syndrome, which presented at a prevalence of 10-35 %. Three studies showed significant associations between presence of sleep disorders and HRQOL. We found consistent evidence of an increased prevalence of sleep disturbances in children with CKD, and these seemed to play a critical role in HRQOL.

Restless legs syndrome in children with allergic rhinitis: A comparative study on frequency, severity and sleep quality

“…Restless legs syndrome symptom severity: Restless legs syndrome severity score was significantly higher in AR group than control group (15.00 [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] and 11.00 [10][11][12][13][14][15][16] respectively, p=0.046) ( Table 2).…”

“…[8][9][10][11][12] Relationship between RLS and comorbid diseases such as iron deficiency, chronic renal failure and hyperactivity has been shown in pediatric age. [12][13][14][15] Allergic rhinitis is found to be one of the most common reasons for sleep disorders in childhood. The disease itself or the drugs given for treatment may both result in fatigue and difficulty in concentration during day time.…”

Restless Legs Syndrome and Periodic Limb Movement Disorder in Children

“…67 Most studies support increased occurrence of RLS in pediatric chronic kidney disease. [68][69][70] This group of RLS patients was more likely to report sleep disruption and rated lower on quality of life by parent report. 68 A history of growing pains is more frequent in children with RLS.…”

Restless legs syndrome in children with allergic rhinitis: A comparative study on frequency, severity and sleep quality

“…The frequency of RLS in AR group was higher than two folds when compared to the control group; however, the difference was not statistically significant. Restless legs syndrome severity score was significantly higher in AR group than control group (15.00 [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] and 11.00 [10][11][12][13][14][15][16] respectively, p=0.046). Total PSQI scores were similar between groups.…”

“…[8][9][10][11][12] Relationship between RLS and comorbid diseases such as iron deficiency, chronic renal failure and hyperactivity has been shown in pediatric age. [12][13][14][15] Allergic rhinitis is found to be one of the most common reasons for sleep disorders in childhood. The disease itself or the drugs given for treatment may both result in fatigue and difficulty in concentration during day time.…”