Sleep quality and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Jimma Medical Center, Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia, 2020: cross-sectional study

Abstract

Background Sleep is a natural physiological process vital for the physical and mental wellbeing of pregnant women and their fetuses. Even though poor sleep quality is a common problem among pregnant women, it is not studied in developing countries including Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess the poor sleep quality and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Jimma medical center, Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia, 2020. Methods A cross-sectional study design was conducted among 415 pregnant women at Jimma Medical Center (JMC). The study subjects were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess sleep quality using face-to-face interviews. SPSS version 25 was used to analyze data. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regressions were done to identify factors related to sleep quality. In multivariable logistic regression variables with a p-value less than 0.05 was considered significant and, adjusted OR (AOR) with 95% CI was used to present the strength of the association. Results The prevalence of poor sleep quality among pregnant women was found to be 30.8% (95% CI (26.5, 35.2). In multivariable analysis, age ≥ 30 years old (AOR = 1.94;95%CI:1.03,3.66), Multigravida (AOR = 1.90;95%CI:1.90,3.32),depression (AOR = 4.26;95%CI:2.54,7.14),stress (AOR = 1.85;95%CI:1.20,3.02) were variables significantly associated with poor sleep quality. Conclusion This study found a high prevalence of poor sleep quality among pregnant women. Older age, gravidity, depression, and stress were associated with poor sleep quality. It is better to have routine sleep pattern screening and teach sleep hygiene practice for pregnant women.

Determinants of Poor Sleep Quality During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Women Attending Antenatal Care Services at the Health Facilities of Debre Berhan Town, Ethiopia: An Institutional-Based Cross-Sectional Study

“…The odds of having poor sleep quality were 4.27 times higher in pregnant women aged 46 years and older than in women aged less than 25 years. This is supported by studies from China (11), and Ethiopia (2,8). As maternal age increases, the likelihood of women being affected by physiological and psychological factors will also increase (34).…”

“…These hormonal changes can also have profound effects on women's ability to sleep and may result in poor sleep quality (4)(5)(6)(7). Sleep is a physiological process and a basic requirement for the physical and mental well-being of pregnant women and their fetuses (2,8). Furthermore, sleep disturbances and short sleep duration are common during pregnancy (9,10), which can have an impact on health-related quality of life.…”

“…Studies in different areas of the world reported that the prevalence of poor sleep quality among pregnant women was 17% in Peru (14), 41.2% in Vietnam (15), 43.1% in the Asian population (4), 45.7% in Canada (16), 51.8-87% in China (10,11), 53.3% in Pakistan (17), 59.5% in Indonesia (18), 73% in the United States (1). Some studies showed the prevalence of poor sleep quality among pregnant women before the pandemic in Ethiopia at Jimma medical center 30.8% (8) and Wadila primary hospital 68.4% (2).…”

“…The determinants of poor sleep quality among pregnant women significantly varied with the trimester of the pregnancy. Overall, poor sleep quality had a direct correlation with advanced age, maternal education level, being unmarried, anxiety, depression, stress, gestational age, multiparous, multigravida, and watching television in the bedroom (2,8,10,11,15,18). In addition, there are also many external stressful situations, like the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which can result in disturbed sleep during pregnancy.…”

Prevalence and associated factors of poor sleep quality among postpartum women in North West Ethiopia: a community-based study

“…Sleep is a physiological process and plays a vital role in the physical, emotional, and mental health of human beings [ 1 , 2 ]. Sleep disorders involve problems with the quality, timing, duration, and amount of sleep.…”