Small-Angle Neutron-Scattering Study of Bis(quaternary ammonium bromide) Surfactant Micelles in Water. Effect of the Spacer Chain Length on Micellar Structure

Urea-based gemini surfactants: Synthesis, aggregation behaviour and biological activity

“…A significant increase in surfactant prolate major axis for 10-2-10 and 10-3-10 (gemini surfactants with decyl chains) was found with the increasing surfactant weight percentage, as results from small-angle neutron scattering measurements [42]. This size increase is no more observable for longer spacers s = 4 to 12 [42,43]. Similarly, no significant increase in size was observed for micelles composed of gemini molecules with dodecyl chains 12-s-12 and the spacer values s = 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 [59].…”

“…4) where the role of the spacer steric arrangement turned out to be a main factor controlling the micellar morphology. A significant increase in surfactant prolate major axis for 10-2-10 and 10-3-10 (gemini surfactants with decyl chains) was found with the increasing surfactant weight percentage, as results from small-angle neutron scattering measurements [42]. This size increase is no more observable for longer spacers s = 4 to 12 [42,43].…”

“…Their physical and aggregation characteristics such as critical micelle concentration and surface properties [36][37][38][39][40][41], micelle aggregation number and size [42][43][44], antimicrobial activity [45], aggregate structure variability in aqueous solutions as a function of the spacer length [46], indicate unique properties and aggregation behaviour of this class of surfactants which predetermines them to be used in a broad range of applications.…”

The structure of DNA–DLPC–cationic gemini surfactant aggregates: a small angle synchrotron X-ray diffraction study

“…These surfactants show a very potent bactericidal activity [13,14], much larger than the conventional monoquaternary ammonium surfactants. Several papers deal with the correlation between structure, activity and critical micelle concentration of these surfactants [15,16], their interactions with lipid membranes [17][18][19][20][21][22], and their ability to inhibit photosynthetic activity [23], to eliminate plasmids from bacterial host cells [24]. Their complexes with DNA were tested for transfection efficiency [25][26][27][28].…”

Research on Viscosity Behavior of Sulfonate Anionic Gemini Surfactant Solution

“…Thickening ability of Gemini surfactant becomes stronger with carbon __________________________ Tianyuan Zhou, Shanfa Tang, Yanqi Cui, Jiaxin Wang, Chengyang Zhao. School of Petroleum Engineering, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China chain length increasing [6]. And the concentration increases, the viscosity of Gemini surfactant solution will mutate at specific concentration, and then increase rapidly after that concentration [7].…”