Small Animal X-ray Computed Tomography

Badea, Cristian T.

doi:10.1201/9781351228251-36

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 205 publications

(240 reference statements)

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“…Other noninvasive imaging modalities such as ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM), micro‐magnetic resonance imaging (micro‐MRI), and micro‐computed tomography (micro‐CT) have been used to image small animal embryos. However, limited spatial resolution of UBM (Foster, Zhang, Duckett, Cucevic, & Pavlin, ; Phoon & Turnbull, ), long acquisition times of micro‐MRI and its use of external contrast agents (Nieman et al, ), and ionizing radiation in micro‐CT are all undesirable for imaging live embryos (Badea, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue biomechanics during cranial neural tube closure measured by Brillouin microscopy and optical coherence tomography

Zhang

Raghunathan

Rippy

et al. 2018

Birth Defects Research

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Background Embryonic development involves the interplay of driving forces that shape the tissue and the mechanical resistance that the tissue offers in response. While increasing evidence has suggested the crucial role of physical mechanisms underlying embryo development, tissue biomechanics is not well understood because of the lack of techniques that can quantify the stiffness of tissue in situ with 3D high‐resolution and in a noncontact manner. Methods We used two all‐optical techniques, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and Brillouin microscopy, to map the longitudinal modulus of the tissue from mouse embryos in situ. Results We acquired 2D mechanical maps of the neural tube region of embryos at embryonic day (E) 8.5 (n = 2) and E9.5 (n = 2) with submicron spatial resolution. We found the modulus of tissue varied distinctly within the neural tube region of the same embryo and between embryos at different development stages, suggesting our technique has enough sensitivity and spatial resolution to monitor the tissue mechanics during embryonic development in a noncontact and noninvasive manner. Conclusions We demonstrated the capability of OCT‐guided Brillouin microscopy to quantify tissue longitudinal modulus of mouse embryos in situ, and observed distinct change in the modulus during the closure of cranial neural tube. Although this preliminary work cannot provide definitive conclusions on biomechanics of neural tube closure yet as a result of the limited number of samples, it provides an approach of quantifying the tissue mechanics during embryo development in situ, thus could be helpful in investigating the role of tissue biomechanics in the regulation of embryonic development. Our next study involving more embryo samples will investigate systematic changes in tissue mechanics during embryonic development.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue biomechanics during cranial neural tube closure measured by Brillouin microscopy and optical coherence tomography

Zhang

Raghunathan

Rippy

et al. 2018

Birth Defects Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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A Preliminary Investigation into the Use of Edge Illumination X-ray Phase Contrast Micro-CT for Preclinical Imaging

et al. 2019

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Purpose: To enable a preliminary assessment of the suitability of edge illumination (EI) x-ray phase contrast (XPC) micro x-ray computed tomography (micro-CT) to preclinical imaging. Specifically, to understand how different acquisition schemes and their combination with dedicated data processing affect contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and spatial resolution, while providing control over scan time and radiation dose delivery. Procedures: Deceased mice (n = 3) were scanned with an EI XPC micro-CT setup operated under different settings, leading to scan times between 18 h and 13 min. For the shortest scan, the entrance dose was measured with a calibrated PTW 23344 ion chamber. Different data processing methods were applied, retrieving either separate attenuation and phase images, or hybrid (combined attenuation and phase) images. A quantitative comparison was performed based on CNR and spatial resolution measurements for a soft tissue interface. Results: All phase-based images have led to a higher CNR for the considered soft tissue interface than the attenuation image, independent of scan time. The best relative CNR (a sixfold increase) was observed in one of the hybrid images. Spatial resolution was found to be connected to scan time, with a resolution of approximately 20 μm and 60 μm achieved for the longest and shortest scans, respectively. An entrance dose of approximately 300 mGy was estimated for the scan performed within 13 min. Conclusions: Despite their preliminary nature, our results suggest that EI XPC bears potential for enhancing the utility of preclinical micro-CT, and, pending further research and development, could ultimately become a valuable technique in this field.

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