Small cryotherapy devices for the treatment of skin warts

Zouboulis, V.A.; Zouboulis, Christos C.

doi:10.1080/09546634.2017.1327700

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The impingement of intralesional cryosurgery using a Cryoshape â needle (Etgar Group, Kfar Saba, Israel) 15 was studied on potatoes, a biological tissue with human skin-like biophysical properties. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Potatoes were adapted to normal human body temperature by heating to 37°C before being exposed to cryosurgical treatment. All experiments were carried out thrice.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11,12 These data have previously lead us and others to use potatoes in elucidating the therapeutic potency of cryosurgery on vessels 13 and of contact cryotherapy on warts. 14 The present study targeted the development of a relevant and reproducible cryosurgery model for elucidating the biophysical properties of intralesional cryosurgery in the treatment of keloids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A novel experimental model for studying efficacy of cryosurgery in keloids

Zouboulis

2020

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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Background Intralesional cryosurgery is effective in the treatment of keloids; however, clinical studies have presented diversified results. Objective A novel, reproducible model for biophysical studies on intralesional cryosurgery of keloids is presented. Methods Triplicate studies with a cryosurgical needle on 37°C-heated potatoes, which exhibit identical specific heat and similar heat conductivity with human skin, were performed. Results No complete potato freezing resulted through a cryosurgical needle. The limited tissue damage achieved had a double concave form. The needle induced lower temperature and stronger tissue damage at the distal exit than the proximal entrance site. The concave form of tissue damage flattened with time at the area under the needle. Needle freezing with puncture distances of 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 cm from the potato surface only revealed freezing temperatures within the 0.5 cm range. At any needle depth, tissue damage was detected at only an area to about 1 cm under the needle. Conclusion Clinical extrapolation of these experimental findings indicates a proper needle positioning towards the keloid basis, shows keloid volume freezing limitations by a single needle and corroborates the observations of minor epidermal and deep dermal damage induced by intralesional cryosurgery.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel experimental model for studying efficacy of cryosurgery in keloids

Zouboulis

2020

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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“…The pain associated with warts may result in the hampered ability to use the limb where the wart presents, e.g., a plantar wart may result in altering ones normal posture or gait which can result in muscle and joint pain. Warts are commonly treated by cryotherapy, which consists of freezing off the wart usually using liquid nitrogen 9 10 11 . However the treatment has many side-effects, is painful, and many treatment sessions are required 12 13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Application of Machine Learning in Predicting Outcome of Cryotherapy and Immunotherapy for Wart Removal

Singh

2021

Ann Dermatol

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Background Warts can be extremely painful conditions that may be associated with localised bleeding and discharge. They are commonly treated by cryotherapy or immunotherapy. However, each of these therapies have discomforting side effects and are no official dermatological guideline that exist that may be used to determine which of these methods would work on an individual patient. Objective This study aimed at developing a machine learning algorithm that improved the prediction of the outcome of wart removing using cryotherapy and immunotherapy. Methods Support vector machines, core vector machines, random forest, k-nearest neighbours, multilayer perceptron and binary logistic regression was applied on datasets in to create a model that predicted the outcome of an immunotherapy and cryotherapy treatments based on sex, age, time that has passed since last treatment, number of warts, type, area, diameter and result of treatment. Results The average accuracy of the immunotherapy prediction was 88.6%±8.0% while the same measure for cryotherapy prediction was 94.6%±4.0%. The most efficient immunotherapy and cryotherapy model had an accuracy of 100%, predicating the correct treatment outcome when applied to all test cases. Conclusion This study successfully created a machine learning model that improved the prediction ability of the outcome of immunotherapy and cryotherapy for wart removal. This model created a more in-depth guideline for understanding is immunotherapy would work and took a new approach to cryotherapy.

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“…With a boiling temperature of -195.8 degrees, liquid nitrogen is stored in special cylinders in gas form at that temperature and filled into cryotherapy guns [2][3][4] .…”

Section: -What Substance Is Used In Cryotherapy?mentioning

confidence: 99%