Small dense low-density lipoprotein in familial combined hyperlipidemia: Independent of metabolic syndrome and related to history of cardiovascular events

Pauciullo, Paolo; Gentile, Marco; Marotta, G.; Baiano, A.; Ubaldi, Stefania; Jossa, F.; Iannuzzo, Gabriella; Faccenda, F.; Panico, Salvatore; Rubba, P.

doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2008.07.004

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This method is based on electrophoresis of lipid stained serum (Sudan black) in non-denaturing gel gradient of polyacrylamide [37]. Different subfractions were identified by their migration distance (Figure 3).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atherogenic subfractions of lipoproteins in the treatment of metabolic syndrome by physical activity and diet – the RESOLVE trial

Dutheil

Walther²,

Chapier

et al. 2014

Lipids Health Dis

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BackgroundWe aimed to comprehensively evaluate lipoprotein profile including lipid particle size following a lifestyle intervention in metabolic syndrome (MetS) volunteers and to assess the associations between lipoprotein subfractions and carotid-intima-media-thickness (CIMT) – a surrogate indicator of atherogenesis.Methods100 participants (50–70 years) from the RESOLVE trial, underwent a one-year follow-up beginning with a three-week residential program combining high exercise volume (15-20 h/week), restrictive diet (-500 kcal/day), and education. For baseline references, 40 aged-matched healthy controls were recruited. Independent associations between subfractions of lipoproteins and CIMT were evaluated using a generalized estimating equations model accounting for variation in correlations between repeated measures. The lipoprotein subfractions profile was assessed using Lipoprint® electrophoresis allowing to separate: the very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) fraction, then the intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL) C, B and A, the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) with subfractions 1 and 2 as large LDL and subfractions 3 to 7 as small dense LDL (sdLDL), and the high density lipoprotein (HDL) subfractions categorized into large, intermediate, and small HDL. Apolipoproteins A1 and B were also measured.Results78 participants completed the program. At baseline, apolipoproteins B/A1, VLDL, sdLDL and small HDL were higher in MetS than in healthy controls; IDL, LDL size, large and intermediate HDL were lower. Despite time-related regains during the follow-up, lipoprotein subfractions traditionally involved in cardiovascular risk, such as sdLDL, improved immediately after the residential program with values closest to those of healthy controls. CIMT improved throughout the lifestyle intervention. Using a generalized estimating equations model, none of the subfractions of lipoproteins nor apolipoproteins were linked to CIMT.ConclusionsLipoprotein subfractions traditionally involved in CVR, decreased after the 3-week residential program. During a 12 month follow-up, the time-related regains remained closer to the values of healthy controls than they were at baseline. CIMT improved throughout the lifestyle intervention. However, we failed to demonstrate a link between some lipoprotein subfractions and the atherogenicity directly measured from the wall thickness of arteries (CIMT). Further investigations are required to explore the atherogenicity of lipoprotein subfractions.Trial registrationNCT00917917

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atherogenic subfractions of lipoproteins in the treatment of metabolic syndrome by physical activity and diet – the RESOLVE trial

Dutheil

Walther²,

Chapier

et al. 2014

Lipids Health Dis

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“…As with CDO, the mechanism of increased CVD risk in FCHL is the presence of increased numbers of apolipoprotein B-containing particles, particularly small, dense LDL particles. 53,54 Recently, the diagnosis of FCHL has been redefined, requiring hypertriglyceridemia and elevation of apolipoprotein B in the patient and in more than one family member and at least one individual in the first degree pedigree with premature coronary artery disease. [55][56][57] The family history of dyslipidemia is frequently unknown in children and adolescents with CDO and apolipoprotein B levels are not routinely measured, so some patients presenting with this phenotype likely have FCHL.…”

Section: Definition and Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

Combined dyslipidemia in childhood

Kavey

2015

Journal of Clinical Lipidology

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“…However, this was partly expected based on the spontaneous variability of the lipid pattern in FCHL patients and on the small sample of patients involved in our trial; moreover, the main aim of our study was to evaluated the change in LDL atherogenicity in a subpopulation with high CV risk, because of higher level of sd-LDL, relatively high cholesterol level and major tendency in development of atherosclerosis [3–6]. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that investigates Armolipid Plus effects on a group of FCHL patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lipid profile is frequently associated with an unfavorable decrease in HDL concentration, an elevated apolipoprotein (apo) B and an increased prevalence of atherogenic, small dense LDL (sd-LDL) subfractions [3]. …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Armolipid Plus on small dense LDL particles in a sample of patients affected by familial combined hyperlipidemia

Gentile

Calcaterra

Strazzullo

et al. 2015

Clinical Lipidology

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Aim The aim of this study was to test small dense LDL changes with Armolipid Plus treatment in patients with familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCHL). Methods After 4 weeks, 30 patients with FCHL were included in an 8-week, randomized, double-blind study and were taking, in addition to the standard diet, either placebo or Armolipid Plus. Results The placebo group showed no statistically significant differences in the studied parameters; instead, in the Armolipid Plus group, statistically significant reduction differences were detected in BMI (p = 0.010), LDL score (p = 0.035) and an increase in mean LDL particle diameter (p = 0.040). Conclusion The combination of a standard diet with Armolipid Plus is able to reduce LDL score and increase LDL particle diameter in a group of FCHL after 8 weeks of treatment.

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Small dense low-density lipoprotein in familial combined hyperlipidemia: Independent of metabolic syndrome and related to history of cardiovascular events

Cited by 21 publications

References 20 publications

Atherogenic subfractions of lipoproteins in the treatment of metabolic syndrome by physical activity and diet – the RESOLVE trial

Atherogenic subfractions of lipoproteins in the treatment of metabolic syndrome by physical activity and diet – the RESOLVE trial

Combined dyslipidemia in childhood

Effects of Armolipid Plus on small dense LDL particles in a sample of patients affected by familial combined hyperlipidemia

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