Small gastric hyperplastic polyp with acute bleeding as an unusual presentation of malignancy

Park, Kyoung Sun; Lee, Seung-Woo; Lee, Junguee; Kim, Moon Sung; Park, Pyung Hwa; Moon, Sung Jin; Kang, Sang-Bum; Lee, Dong Hoon

doi:10.1097/md.0000000000010899

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Most patients are asymptomatic and are usually found incidentally [ 2 ]. However, some patients may present epigastralgia or upper gastrointestinal bleeding leading to anemia [ 7 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Focal Intramucosal Adenocarcinoma Occurring in Gastric Hyperplastic Polyps Treated with Endoscopic Mucosal Resection

Alférez-Andía¹,

Benites-Goñi

Palacios-Salas

2018

Case Reports in Gastrointestinal Medicine

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Hyperplastic polyps are the most frequent benign epithelial gastric polyps. Although they are considered nonneoplastic, some cases have been reported with focal adenocarcinoma. We present the case of a 59-year-old woman with a sessile lesion of 15 mm on the distal gastric body associated with an extensive atrophic gastritis. Magnifying endoscopy with Fuji Intelligent Color Enhancement (FICE) revealed an irregular microsurface pattern at the apex, suggesting malignancy. A mucosectomy was performed. The histopathology revealed that the base corresponded to a hyperplastic polyp, where a tubular adenoma with high-grade dysplasia was established, with focal well-differentiated intramucosal tubular adenocarcinoma.

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“…Most patients are asymptomatic and are usually found incidentally [ 2 ]. However, some patients may present epigastralgia or upper gastrointestinal bleeding leading to anemia [ 7 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They can be unique or multiple, being located preferentially in the gastric antrum, but they may appear in any part of the stomach [ 2 ]. Most of these polyps are small (<1 cm); however in some cases they can be larger (>2-3 cm), taking a pedunculated or lobed appearance [ 7 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Focal Intramucosal Adenocarcinoma Occurring in Gastric Hyperplastic Polyps Treated with Endoscopic Mucosal Resection

Alférez-Andía¹,

Benites-Goñi

Palacios-Salas

2018

Case Reports in Gastrointestinal Medicine

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“…Larger lesions become lobulated or pedunculated with frequent erosions of surface epithelium [3]. The size may vary from one to twelve centimeters [4]. They are mostly asymptomatic, but larger hyperplastic polyps can cause symptoms, such as abdominal pain, chronic occult blood loss presenting as iron deficiency anemia or gastric outlet obstruction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperplastic Gastric Polyp Causing Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage and Acute Blood Loss Anemia

Farooq¹,

Mandzhieva²,

Wert³

et al. 2020

Cureus

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Hyperplastic polyps are the second most common type of gastric polyp in the United States with equal incidence in both genders, usually found incidentally during endoscopic examinations. It is a well-known fact that they are associated with iron-deficiency anemia due to chronic blood loss. We present a case of a 69-year-old man with a relatively small hyperplastic gastric polyp with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding, presenting with melena and acute blood loss anemia requiring admission to intensive care unit and urgent endoscopic intervention with hot snare removal of the polyp and cautery of surrounding area with excellent hemostasis. The pathology revealed focal intestinal metaplasia and low-grade dysplasia with no evidence of malignancy. He was subsequently discharged with outpatient follow-up with gastroenterology.

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Gastric Hyperplastic Polyp Causing Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage and Severe Anemia in a Dog

Kim

Jun

Han

et al. 2022

Veterinary Sciences

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An 11-year-old castrated male Shih Tzu was referred for lethargy and melena. The hematocrit level was 18.8% (normal range: 36–56%), indicating severe anemia. Abdominal ultrasound revealed a round-to-oval-shaped mass in the stomach. Computed tomography (CT) revealed an intraluminal mass (17 × 12 × 15 mm) cranial to the pyloric antrum. After obtaining informed consent from the owner, exploratory laparotomy and subsequent gastrostomy were performed, showing an ulcerated mass potentially responsible for the severe anemia. A lump of hair was firmly attached to the ulcerated surface of the mass. After complete removal of the mass, the anemia resolved spontaneously. Histological examination revealed that the mass was a gastric hyperplastic polyp. At the 6-month follow-up, the dog was healthy with a normal hematocrit level. Gastric hyperplastic polyps are tumor-like lesions arising from the mucosal surface of the stomach, and projecting into the lumen. They can appear in any part of the stomach, and are usually found incidentally during gastric endoscopy or necropsy. The clinical signs include chronic occult blood loss, abdominal pain, and gastric tract obstruction. Gastric polyps causing acute blood loss anemia have rarely been reported in human medicine. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing a gastric hyperplastic polyp that caused severe anemia because of acute blood loss in a dog.

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Small gastric hyperplastic polyp with acute bleeding as an unusual presentation of malignancy

Abstract: This is a rare case of upper gastrointestinal bleeding from a small gastric hyperplastic polyp, which was found to be adenocarcinoma. When bleeding small gastric polyps are encountered during endoscopy, the possibility of malignancy and wider resection should be considered.

Cited by 4 publications

References 14 publications

Focal Intramucosal Adenocarcinoma Occurring in Gastric Hyperplastic Polyps Treated with Endoscopic Mucosal Resection

Focal Intramucosal Adenocarcinoma Occurring in Gastric Hyperplastic Polyps Treated with Endoscopic Mucosal Resection

Hyperplastic Gastric Polyp Causing Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage and Acute Blood Loss Anemia

Gastric Hyperplastic Polyp Causing Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage and Severe Anemia in a Dog

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