Small organic molecules as fluorescent sensors for the detection of highly toxic heavy metal cations in portable water

ESIPT-based probes for cations, anions and neutral species: recent progress, multidisciplinary applications and future perspectives

“…Therefore, several colourimetric and fluorescent probes have been designed for sensing small analytes such as toxic anions (sulfide, 8,9 cyanide, 10 fluoride, 11 acetate 11 etc. ), toxic cations 12,13 (Hg 2+ , Cu 2+ , Zn 2+ , Pb 2+ etc. ) and neutral species (H 2 O 2 , 14 HCHO, 15 moisture, 16,17 bio-thiols 18,19 etc.…”

“…Furthermore, the discharge of untreated wastewater pollutes the waterbody ecosystem as these analytes are difficult to remove by traditional techniques of municipal water treatment plants. 13,25…”

“…Furthermore, the discharge of untreated wastewater pollutes the waterbody ecosystem as these analytes are difficult to remove by traditional techniques of municipal water treatment plants. 13,25 To date, optical probes based on photo-physical mechanisms such as ICT, PET, CHEF, AIE, ESIPT etc. are extensively reported.…”

A polystyrene-based ESIPT fluorescent polymeric probe for highly sensitive detection of chromium(vi) ions and protein staining

“…16 Currently, fluorescent molecular probes have drawn great attention due to their high sensitivity, instantaneous response, simplicity and low-cost. 17 So far, a large number of fluorescent probes including small organic small dyes, 18 nanostructures (for instance, organic or inorganic nanoparticles, metal nanoclusters, quantum dots, carbon dots) and fluorescent polymers have been used in the design of probes for the detection of Cr( iv ). 19–25 However, the mentioned fluorophores are often suffered from insufficient sensitivity, cytotoxicity, complicated synthetic process, photo-bleaching or high fabrication cost.…”

Fluorescent and chromogenic organic probes to detect group 10 metal ions: design strategies and sensing applications

“…During the last two decades, a large number of fluorescent probes have been developed for the recognition of group 10 metal ions. These probes are usually based on organic, 76,77 inorganic, 78,79 MOFs, 80,81 quantum dots and nanomaterials. 82–84 Amongst them, small organic fluorescent probes display the advantages of structural diversity, easy modification, good repeatability, and often a clear sensing mechanism.…”