Smart biomaterials: Surfaces functionalized with proteolytically stable osteoblast-adhesive peptides

Abstract

Engineered scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration are designed to promote cell adhesion, growth, proliferation and differentiation. Recently, covalent and selective functionalization of glass and titanium surfaces with an adhesive peptide (HVP) mapped on [351–359] sequence of human Vitronectin allowed to selectively increase osteoblast attachment and adhesion strength in in vitro assays, and to promote osseointegration in in vivo studies. For the first time to our knowledge, in this study we investigated the resistance of adhesion sequences to proteolytic digestion: HVP was completely cleaved after 5 h. In order to overcome the enzymatic degradation of the native peptide under physiological conditions we synthetized three analogues of HVP sequence. A retro-inverted peptide D-2HVP, composed of D amino acids, was completely stable in serum-containing medium. In addition, glass surfaces functionalized with D-2HVP increased human osteoblast adhesion as compared to the native peptide and maintained deposition of calcium. Interestingly, D-2HVP increased expression of IBSP, VTN and SPP1 genes as compared to HVP functionalized surfaces. Total internal reflection fluorescence microscope analysis showed cells with numerous filopodia spread on D-2HVP-functionalized surfaces. Therefore, the D-2HVP sequence is proposed as new osteoblast adhesive peptide with increased bioactivity and high proteolytic resistance.

Effect of bone sialoprotein coated three‐dimensional printed calcium phosphate scaffolds on primary human osteoblasts

“…Lower circularity values indicate membrane protrusions, organization of cytoskeleton und migration tendency . Fibronectin and Vitronectin showed to have influence on human osteoblast adhesion and morphology, but were inferior to BSP‐coating with 50 µg/mL with regard to area coverage, aspect ratio and decreased circularity in our study. This leads to the conclusion, that BSP has a osteogenic property beyond that of other RGD‐containing proteins of the ECM.…”

“…We observed an increase in hOBs spreading area and an intercellular network formation on BSP coated CPC scaffolds in comparison to uncoated scaffolds, although cell number and viability were not different between the groups after longer incubation times ( und migration tendency. 49,50 Fibronectin and Vitronectin showed to have influence on human osteoblast adhesion and morphology, 49,50 but were inferior to BSP-coating with 50 mg/mL with regard to area coverage, aspect ratio and decreased circularity in our study. This leads to the conclusion, that BSP has a osteogenic property beyond that of other RGD-containing proteins of the ECM.…”

“…Furthermore, hOBs under influence of 50 µg/mL had the most irregular, polygonal shape as expressed by the lowest circularity value in comparison to all other groups [Figure (B)]. Lower circularity values indicate membrane protrusions, organization of cytoskeleton und migration tendency . Fibronectin and Vitronectin showed to have influence on human osteoblast adhesion and morphology, but were inferior to BSP‐coating with 50 µg/mL with regard to area coverage, aspect ratio and decreased circularity in our study.…”

Nanostructure-Enabled and Macromolecule-Grafted Surfaces for Biomedical Applications

“…In bone tissue engineering, the complex reactions occurred at the interface of the biomedical implants and the surrounding tissues determine the osseointegration and the long-term success of the implant [ 141 ]. A study demonstrated that osteoblast cell adhesion capacity to a glass and titanium surface was promoted by an adhesive peptide (HVP) grafts onto the surface of the materials [ 142 ]. Results suggested a significant increase of osteoblast adhesion when compared to a non-adhesive peptide and silanized glass after 2 h of culture.…”

Exploring challenges ahead of nanotechnology for biomedicine

“…The issue consists of 8 papers covering different aspects related to smart biomaterials [1] , materials for 3D printing applications [2] , magnetic scaffolds [3] , nanocomposites [4] , bone cements [5] and several papers dedicated to biomedical coatings [6] , [7] , [8] .…”