Smart Textile Based on Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors for Respiratory Monitoring: Design and Preliminary Trials

Ciocchetti, Marco; Massaroni, Carlo; Saccomandi, Paola; Caponero, M.; Polimadei, Andrea; Formica, Domenico; Schena, Emiliano

doi:10.3390/bios5030602

Cited by 129 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Interaction of electromagnetic waves with textiles and fabric structures is currently of significant importance for several different applications such as personal thermal management [1,2], wearable energy harvesting [3,4], solar-cell carpeting [5,6], shielding against hazardous radiations [7,8] and medical dressings [9,10]. Moreover, such structures can be regarded as constituent layers of 3D photonic crystals and woodpile structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electromagnetic Scattering From Bi-Periodic Fabric Structures

Salary¹,

Jafar‐Zanjani²,

Mosallaei³

2017

PIER B

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Abstract-We develop an efficient semi-analytical technique to calculate the electromagnetic scattering from fabric structures modeled as crossed gratings of circular coated fibers of any material composition, arranged arbitrarily in yarns. The method relies on a matrix formulation based on multipole expansion for modeling conical scattering from uniaxial gratings of fibers, and employs a scattering matrix approach to obtain co-and cross-polarized transmission and reflection coefficients. The lattice sums are evaluated using an efficient adaptive algorithm based on Shank's transformation. The method can be employed for analyzing the scattering characteristics of fabric structures embedded in any arbitrary layered media. The validity of the method is verified through comparison with full-wave finite-difference time-domain simulations. A substantial performance gain is obtained, which makes the proposed method applicable to solve large-scale fabric structures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electromagnetic Scattering From Bi-Periodic Fabric Structures

Salary¹,

Jafar‐Zanjani²,

Mosallaei³

2017

PIER B

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“…A smart textile based on FBG sensors was designed and its performance was compared with that of optoelectronic plesthymography. (25) The results showed good agreement between the FBG reading and the optoelectronic system. The sensors were attached to a flexible textile with silicon rubber adhesive.…”

Section: Issues With Conventional Optical Fibersmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…Since we would require a stretchable sensor undergoing large strains, other options such as polymer optical fibers (POFs) have been shown to perform well (in terms of linearity, hysteresis, and integrity) with large strains (0.4-40% stretch) and cyclic loadings of more than 90000 N in biomedical applications. (17,25,26) In Ref. 17, the authors discussed the different performance aspects of such sensors such as linearity, hysteresis, and sensitivities, in reference to various biomedical scenarios.…”

Section: Issues With Conventional Optical Fibersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart Lower Limb Prostheses with a Fiber Optic Sensing Sole: A Multicomponent Design Approach

Butt¹,

Qureshi²

2019

Sensors and Materials

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A review on a multicomponent design is presented for the development of a lower limb smart prosthetic system based on fiber optic sensing. The key component of this system is the smart sole consisting of a group of fiber optic sensors called the fiber Bragg grating (FBG). Such a group of sensors allow the human sense of touch to be mimicked through strategic sensor placement while identifying minute changes in contact conditions. Gait control through plantar pressure measurements is an important feature of lower limb prosthetics and allows for the identification of terrain through ground reaction forces (GRFs). Current smart lower limb prosthetics consist of a powered ankle equipped with torque sensors and a motorized assembly to enable proper gait control. Adding a smart sensing sole, which incorporates the sense of touch in addition to GRF identification, will enable patients with neurological disorders or amputation to relive the experience of a normal human being. Prosthetic technologies that will assist in developing a smart lower limb prosthetic system with a multicomponent design are presented on the basis of review, and a complete integrated system that will include sensing, processing, and control is suggested. The control can come through two approaches: (a) a trained system based on artificial intelligence or (b) a direct intervention of the subject. The intervention in the latter approach is based on sensing the signals from the smart foot and receiving them in the brain through a brain-machine interface (BMI).

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“…Due to their higher sensitivity to small mechanical movements, they can be employed to detect heartbeat signals [71]. Strain-based respiration sensing using smart textiles is extensively used in literature to monitor human respiration and for diagnosis of breath-related diseases [72][73][74][75]. Finally, respiratory rate can be detected by measuring the acceleration, the angular velocity and the magnetic field strength of the abdomen during respiration.…”

Section: Chest-wall Displacement Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Vital Signs Detection Methods and Potential Using Radars: A Review

Kebe

Gadhafi

Mohammad

et al. 2020

Sensors

135

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Continuous monitoring of vital signs, such as respiration and heartbeat, plays a crucial role in early detection and even prediction of conditions that may affect the wellbeing of the patient. Sensing vital signs can be categorized into: contact-based techniques and contactless based techniques. Conventional clinical methods of detecting these vital signs require the use of contact sensors, which may not be practical for long duration monitoring and less convenient for repeatable measurements. On the other hand, wireless vital signs detection using radars has the distinct advantage of not requiring the attachment of electrodes to the subject’s body and hence not constraining the movement of the person and eliminating the possibility of skin irritation. In addition, it removes the need for wires and limitation of access to patients, especially for children and the elderly. This paper presents a thorough review on the traditional methods of monitoring cardio-pulmonary rates as well as the potential of replacing these systems with radar-based techniques. The paper also highlights the challenges that radar-based vital signs monitoring methods need to overcome to gain acceptance in the healthcare field. A proof-of-concept of a radar-based vital sign detection system is presented together with promising measurement results.

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Smart Textile Based on Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors for Respiratory Monitoring: Design and Preliminary Trials

Cited by 129 publications

References 32 publications

Electromagnetic Scattering From Bi-Periodic Fabric Structures

Electromagnetic Scattering From Bi-Periodic Fabric Structures

Smart Lower Limb Prostheses with a Fiber Optic Sensing Sole: A Multicomponent Design Approach

Human Vital Signs Detection Methods and Potential Using Radars: A Review

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