Smartphone addiction is increasing across the world: A meta-analysis of 24 countries

Olson, Jay A.; Sandra, Dasha A.; Colucci, Élissa S.; Bikaii, Alain Al; Chmoulevitch, Denis; Nahas, Johnny; Raz, Amir; Veissière, Samuel P. L.

doi:10.1016/j.chb.2021.107138

Cited by 194 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…Because the recruitment of participants in the current study was via the Internet, and young adults were much more familiar with complete investigation online than other groups, most of our participants were university students. However, since young adults tend to have the highest rates of screen time and smartphone usage, this group is also the primary population investigated in studies of screen time [75]. Our study is consistent with recent studies related to screen time in terms of sample composition [76,77].…”

Section: Limitations and Future Directionssupporting

confidence: 90%

The impact of screen time changes on anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic: sleep and physical activity as mediators

Qi-yu

Dai

et al. 2022

Sleep Biol. Rhythms

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Under the burden caused by COVID-19 and rapid lifestyle changes, many people increased their screen time due to psychological needs and social requirements. The current study investigated the relationship between screen time changes and anxiety symptoms during the pandemic of COVID-19. Furthermore, we examined whether sleep and physical activity would mediate the association between screen time changes and anxiety. The self-developed questionnaire was delivered online to collect people's changes in anxiety, sleep patterns, and screen time during COVID-19. 970 participants (74.4% female) with an average age of 23 years were involved in this study. After adjusting demographic variables, the ordinal logistic regression analyses revealed that a significant increase in screen time was linked with anxiety. Slightly increased screen time, slightly and significantly decreased screen time did not predict anxiety symptoms during the pandemic. The level of anxiety was significantly higher among respondents who reported decreased sleep quality. Sleep quality directly mediated the association between screen time changes and anxiety, while sleep latency did not. The longer sleep latency caused by increased screen time would amplify anxiety by affecting sleep quality. In addition, the relationship between screen time changes and anxiety was also mediated by physical activity. We concluded that the fluctuation of screen time in a modest range does not affect the anxiety level substantially. The significantly increased screen time would contribute to poor sleep (including longer sleep latency and worse sleep quality) and lack of physical activity, which would lead to higher levels of anxiety.

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Section: Limitations and Future Directionssupporting

confidence: 90%

The impact of screen time changes on anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic: sleep and physical activity as mediators

Qi-yu

Dai

et al. 2022

Sleep Biol. Rhythms

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Moreover, according to the 49th statistical report on the development of China's Internet Network released by China Internet Network Information Center (CNNIC) in Beijing, by December 2021, the number of Chinese Internet users had reached 1.032 billion, and the Internet penetration rate had reached 73.0%. According to a smartphone addiction survey including 33,831 participants of 24 countries among the world, the smartphone usage score has the highest point [41]. This has also given support to the survey.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 73%

Association between Social Integration, Social Exclusion, and Vaccination Behavior among Internal Migrants in China: A Cross-Sectional Study

Wang

Bai

Zhu

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Cross-sectional studies about the association between social integration, social exclusion, and vaccination behavior among internal migrants in China are lacking. In this study, we aimed to explore the association between the influenza vaccination behavior and social integration as well as social exclusion in China based on a cross-sectional study. We included 12,467 participants aged 15 years old or above from the 2017 Migrant Population Dynamic Monitoring Survey (MDMS). We used univariate analysis and logistic regression models to access the association between social integration, exclusion status, and influenza vaccination rates. Results suggested that the association between social integration and the vaccination rate was significantly positive. Moving between different districts impact on people’s mental health and their health performance. Significant association between influenza vaccination behavior and education attainment, income status, health record, and awareness of basic public health services program was reported. Therefore, in order to reduce the incidence of influenza disease and increase the vaccination rate, policymakers and the public should promote social integration for internal migrants. Meanwhile, our finding also implies possible strategies to promote COVID-19 vaccination.

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“…By improving adolescents’ growth mindset, their willingness to use problem-solving apps in smartphones can be increased [ 27 ], while their recreational use of smartphones to escape stress can be reduced. Based on previous research and the findings of this study, the combination of growth mindset intervention and smartphone use guidance is a possible avenue for future interventions targeting adolescent mental health, especially in regions such as China, where adolescent smartphone penetration is high and problematic smartphone use is more common [ 56 , 57 ]. The role of PSU in this study suggests that PSU development may be a key link between daily smartphone use and negative outcomes, such as mental health problems [ 32 , 33 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Growth Mindset on Mental Health Two Years Later: The Role of Smartphone Use

Lai

Nie

Huang

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The negative association between the growth mindset and mental health problems suggests that prevention and intervention programs to improve mental health by targeting mindset may have potential clinical value. However, research on the longitudinal effect of mindset on adolescent mental health and its underlying mechanisms is lacking. Using a three-wave longitudinal design, we obtained data from a diverse sample of Chinese adolescents (n = 2543). Longitudinal multiple mediation models were constructed to examine the effects of the growth mindset on levels of anxiety and depression two years later. In addition, the mediating effects of smartphone use for entertainment and problematic smartphone use (PSU) were examined. After controlling for various covariates and the autoregressive effects of mental health problems, the growth mindset had significant negative effects on anxiety (β = −0.053, p = 0.004) and depression (β = −0.074, p < 0.001). Smartphone use had a significant mediating role in the effect of mindset on anxiety (β = −0.016, p < 0.001) and depression (β = −0.016, p < 0.001). The growth mindset has long-lasting positive effects on adolescent mental health. Smartphone use for entertainment and PSU mediate the effect of mindset on adolescent mental health.

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Smartphone addiction is increasing across the world: A meta-analysis of 24 countries

Cited by 194 publications

References 104 publications

The impact of screen time changes on anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic: sleep and physical activity as mediators

The impact of screen time changes on anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic: sleep and physical activity as mediators

Association between Social Integration, Social Exclusion, and Vaccination Behavior among Internal Migrants in China: A Cross-Sectional Study

Effect of Growth Mindset on Mental Health Two Years Later: The Role of Smartphone Use

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