Smoothing Methodologies for Photovoltaic Power Fluctuations

Atif, Ammar; Khalid, Muhammad

doi:10.1109/icrera47325.2019.8996534

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Also, the MR filter with window sizes higher than the LPF has a significantly better overall power flattening and trailing performance. The results from the study [53] concluded that time delays result in higher charging and discharging power of the battery. This can be validated from the battery charging and discharging power performance shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nonetheless, the median filter is a non-separable filter and it also results in less levelness for window sizes similar to the ones used in the MA or DMA filtering techniques. The study in [53] utilizes the MM filter for solar output power smoothing and assess its performance against the LPF and MA filter. The median value y(n) is acquired over the slide window across its neighboring values as:…”

Section: Moving Median Filtermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study in [48] performs a comparison of the LPF against the MA filter, it has been demonstrated that the MA filter has significantly superior smoothing and power trailing capabilities than a LPF. However, in [53] it has been proved that although longer-time constants for the LPFs and larger window sizes for the MA filters achieve higher degree of smoothing, it is at the cost of instigating a time delay, which directly results in the requirement of larger batteries. Furthermore, the authors in [54] attest the effect on the battery charging and discharging power with increasing time constant of the LPF.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast to a regular MA filter, the DMA filter resulted in a marginally smoother power output and improved battery SoC management performance with a slight reduction in the battery charging and discharging power. A MM filter has been proposed and compared against the LPF and MA filters in [53], simulation results concluded that the MM filter with window sizes equal to that of a MA filter results in better power tracking but at the cost of poorer degree of solar power smoothing. Literature [58] proposes the use of a GF filter to smooth the power from different renewable energy sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Moving Regression Filtering With Battery State of Charge Feedback Control for Solar PV Firming and Ramp Rate Curtailment

Syed

Khalid

2021

IEEE Access

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The surge in energy demand needs to be met with environmentally pleasant resources to reduce the production of greenhouse gases. Solar Photovoltaic (PV) power is a widespread choice as it is accessible in plenty and is comparatively inexpensive. However, the large-scale penetration of intermittent PV power causes multiple variabilities in the grid such as frequency issues and voltage deviations. To counteract these instabilities, Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) is integrated into the grid as it reduces the PV fluctuations and promotes optimal operation. Nevertheless, storage systems are expensive, and thus smoothing filters are coupled with the BESS for cost reduction and power smoothing. Formerly, traditional filters such as Low Pass Filters (LPF), Moving Average (MA), and Moving Median (MM) filters have been proposed for power smoothing. However, these filters have inadequate power tracking capabilities particularly with longer window sizes (W.S) and time constants, which subsequently depreciates the storage system performance. To compensate for the delayed power tracking, larger energy storage systems are required which in turn adds to the overall operational costs. This paper proposes the Moving Regression (MR) filter combined with state of charge (SoC) feedback control for solar PV variability reduction, reduced time delay, decreased battery charging/discharging power, and ramp rate. Simulation results attest that the MR filter achieves better solar power smoothing without increasing the BESS capacity. Also, the performance of the MR filter is less affected with the increase in window sizes. Additionally, the execution of the introduced smoothing filter was found to be superior when assessed against the LPF, MA, MM, Savitsky-Golay (SG), and the Gaussian filter. In comparison to the SG (W.S = 53), the MR (W.S = 45) filter reduces the battery charging/discharging power by approximately 30.48% and as opposed to the LPF (T.C = 48), the peak SoC is reduced by 19.1%.INDEX TERMS Battery energy storage system, low pass filter, machine learning, moving average filter, moving regression filter, renewable energy, solar power smoothing.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Moving Median Filtermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Moving Regression Filtering With Battery State of Charge Feedback Control for Solar PV Firming and Ramp Rate Curtailment

Syed

Khalid

2021

IEEE Access

Self Cite

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“…The reference signal is the key to determining the supportive resources needed to satisfy the system reliability. Different smoothing techniques are used to generate the reference signal, including moving average [7], wavelet decomposition [8], Gaussian [9], Savitzky-Golay [10], and low pass filter [11] techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Sizing of Hybrid Wind-Solar Power Systems to Suppress Output Fluctuation

et al. 2021

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Harnessing wind energy is one of the fastest-growing areas in the energy industry. However, wind power still faces challenges, such as output intermittency due to its nature and output reduction as a result of the wake effect. Moreover, the current practice uses the available renewable energy resources as a fuel-saver simply to reduce fossil-fuel consumption. This is related mainly to the inherently variable and non-dispatchable nature of renewable energy resources, which poses a threat to power system reliability and requires utilities to maintain power-balancing reserves to match the supply from renewable energy resources with the real-time demand levels. Thus, further efforts are needed to mitigate the risk that comes with integrating renewable resources into the electricity grid. Hence, an integrated strategy is being created to determine the optimal size of the hybrid wind-solar photovoltaic power systems (HWSPS) using heuristic optimization with a numerical iterative algorithm such that the output fluctuation is minimized. The research focuses on sizing the HWSPS to reduce the impact of renewable energy resource intermittency and generate the maximum output power to the grid at a constant level periodically based on the availability of the renewable energy resources. The process of determining HWSPS capacity is divided into two major steps. A genetic algorithm is used in the initial stage to identify the optimum wind farm. A numerical iterative algorithm is used in the second stage to determine the optimal combination of photovoltaic plant and battery sizes in the search space, based on the reference wind power generated by the moving average, Savitzky–Golay, Gaussian and locally weighted linear regression techniques. The proposed approach has been tested on an existing wind power project site in the southern part of the Sultanate of Oman using a real weather data. The considered land area dimensions are 2 × 2 km. The integrated tool resulted in 39 MW of wind farm, 5.305 MW of PV system, and 0.5219 MWh of BESS. Accordingly, the estimated cost of energy based on the HWSPS is 0.0165 EUR/kWh.

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Solar power smoothing using battery energy storage system through fuzzy filtration technique

Atif

Khan

Khalid

2023

Emerging Trends in Energy Storage Systems and Industrial Applications

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Smoothing Methodologies for Photovoltaic Power Fluctuations

Cited by 11 publications

References 22 publications

Moving Regression Filtering With Battery State of Charge Feedback Control for Solar PV Firming and Ramp Rate Curtailment

Moving Regression Filtering With Battery State of Charge Feedback Control for Solar PV Firming and Ramp Rate Curtailment

Optimal Sizing of Hybrid Wind-Solar Power Systems to Suppress Output Fluctuation

Solar power smoothing using battery energy storage system through fuzzy filtration technique

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