Sniffing visible light communication through walls

Cui, Minhao; Feng, Yuda; Wang, Qing; Xiong, Jie

doi:10.1145/3372224.3419187

Cited by 25 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…In this paper, we propose to address the limitations of VLC from a completely new angle, by employing a radio frequency channel, the side-channel created during the process of visible light communication. When a VLC transmitter sends data, not just the visible light signal is emitted out, an RF signal is also leaked out [13]. The reason behind this phenomenon is that most VLC systems adopt intensity-based modulations [36] to encode data by quickly turning ON/OFF LEDs.…”

Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To reduce the size of the receiver, people employ coil rather than an antenna for reception. Even with a coil design, the size is still on the scale of a few centimeters [13], too large to fit in the commonly used VLC receivers, especially those small mobile VLC receivers.…”

Section: Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Below we summarize the main contributions of this work: This interesting side channel of VLC has been modeled and validated in a recent work [13]. Denoting the amplitude of received side-channel signal at the receiver as , it can be expressed as [13]:…”

Section: Contributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To increase the amplitude of the received signal, from Equation (1), we could either match s and r to obtain a resonance gain, or increase and/or coil . However, the coil size coil and the number of the turns not only directly determine the amplitude of the received signal r , but also affect the value of r , the resonant frequency of the receiver, and thus indirectly affect the resonance gain [13]. To validate the impact of on r , we make two sets of coils with fixed diameter as 2.6 cm and 7.8 cm and with the number of turns varying from 1 to 8 as shown in Figure 4(a) and 4(c).…”

Section: Contributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, this is challenging because we only use half the received signals (by dropping the side-channel signals induced by the rising edges) for decoding. To overcome the challenge, we exploit the Manchester coding, which is usually used in VLC to solve the flickering problem [13]. We design a decoding algorithm that decodes two bits (i.e., four symbols) at a time.…”

Section: Decoding Miso/siso Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Breaking the limitations of visible light communication through its side channel

Cui

Wang

Xiong

2020

Proceedings of the 18th Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems

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Visible Light Communication (VLC) is a promising technology for future wireless communications. By modulating the visible lightthat has about 10,000x larger frequency band than that of radios-to transmit data, VLC has the potential to provide ultra-high-speed wireless connectivities. However, it also has limitations such as i) surrounding objects can easily block VLC links, and ii) intense ambient light can saturate the photodiodes of VLC receivers.In this work, from a different angle compared with state-ofthe-art solutions, we utilize the side channel of VLC-a Radio Frequency (RF) channel created unintentionally during the transmission process of VLC-to break the above-mentioned VLC limitations.The key enabler is that the side RF channel also contains the data information transmitted in the VLC link. When the VLC link is blocked or saturated, we can utilize the side channel, capable of penetrating through blockages and not affected by ambient light, to assist VLC transmissions. Thus a user service relying on VLC transmissions will not be interrupted. Besides the simple Single-Input Single-Output (SISO) case, we consider challenging scenarios where multiple VLC chains are synchronized to form Multiple-Input Multiple/Single-Output (MIMO/MISO) transmission strategies. To make our system practical, we address several challenges spanning from hardware to software. Compared to state-of-the-art design, we reduce the size of the receiving coil by nearly 90%. Experimental evaluations show that our system can decode overlapped RF signals created by a 3×3 MIMO VLC network five meters away, with various blockages in between. Our system also works under intense ambient light conditions (>100,000 lux).

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Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Contributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Contributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Decoding Miso/siso Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Breaking the limitations of visible light communication through its side channel

Cui

Wang

Xiong

2020

Proceedings of the 18th Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems

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Digital forensics challenges and readiness for 6G Internet of Things (IoT) networks

Akinbi

2023

WIREs Forensic Science

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The development of sixth‐generation (6G) wireless communication technology is expected to provide super high‐speed data transmission, and advanced network performance than the current fifth‐generation (5G) and be fully functional by the 2030s. This development will have a significant impact and add improvements to digital extended reality (XR), autonomous systems, vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), artificial intelligence (AI), underwater communications, blockchain technology, pervasive biomedical informatics and smart cities built on the digital infrastructure backbone of the Internet of Things (IoT). The ubiquitous nature of this large‐scale 6G‐enabled IoT that offers faster connectivity capabilities and integrates both terrestrial and non‐terrestrial networks will not only create new data security and privacy issues but also provide a treasure trove of digital evidence useful for digital forensic examiners investigating security incidents and cybercrime. However, for digital forensic examiners, evidence collection, preservation and analysis will become a priority in the successful deployment of 6G IoT networks. In this study, we define key applications of 6G network technology to the Internet of Things and its existing architectures. The survey introduces potential digital forensic challenges and related issues affecting digital forensic investigations specific to 6G IoT networks. Finally, we highlight and discuss forensic readiness and future research directions for identified challenges within the 6G IoT network environments.This article is categorized under: Digital and Multimedia Science > IoT Forensics

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Countering RF Side-Channel Sniffing in Optical Wireless Communication

Zhang,

Cen

2024

ICC 2024 - IEEE International Conference on Communications

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Sniffing visible light communication through walls

Cited by 25 publications

References 48 publications

Breaking the limitations of visible light communication through its side channel

Breaking the limitations of visible light communication through its side channel

Digital forensics challenges and readiness for 6G Internet of Things (IoT) networks

Countering RF Side-Channel Sniffing in Optical Wireless Communication

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