“…In the hydrogen production procedure, energy gap of photocatalyst has to cross H 2 O reduction potential to decompose water and generate the oxygen. Semiconductor materials have been used for H 2 production [1,2], photocatalytic degradation [3,4], and gas sensor [5,6] applications. Materials with a more negative conduction band than the reduction potential of protons, such as TiO 2 , SrTiO 3 , ZnS, CdS, are promising photocatalysts for H 2 production [7e10].…”