SnO2 nano-crystals anchored on N-doped porous carbon with enhanced lithium storage properties

SnO2 Anchored in S and N Co-Doped Carbon as the Anode for Long-Life Lithium-Ion Batteries

“…Figure 3f is the XPS spectrum of the Sn 3d peak, on whic the 2 peaks centering at 495.3 and 486.9 eV can be ascribed to Sn 3d3/2 and Sn 3d5 respectively. The result clearly indicates the presence of Sn 4+ in the SnO2@SNCcomposite material [34]. The difference value between the two peaks is determined to b 8.4 eV, which is consistent with the previous reports for pristine SnO2 [35][36][37].…”

Preparation and Electrochemical Performance of Reduced Graphene and SnO2 Nanospheres Composite Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries and Sodium‐Ion Batteries

“…Pure SnO 2 NPs showed a rapid loss of capacity, because the volume of the material changes during the lithium ion insertion/deintercalation process. [31][32][33] However, the specific capacity of SnO 2 NPs/rGO-1 and SnO 2 NPs/rGO-2 materials remain at 400 mA h g À 1 and 281 mA h g À 1 after 100 cycles. Compared with pure SnO 2 NPs and SnO 2 NPs/rGO-2, SnO 2 NPs/rGO-1 composite exhibit higher discharge capacity and better cycle performance.…”

Ultra-thin N-doped carbon coated SnO2 nanotubes as anode material for high performance lithium-ion batteries

“…The peak (1) shifts to the right (about 1.14 V) in the following four cycles, which may account for the partial reversible reaction of SnO2 and Li + [53]. The peak (2) is divided into two small peaks, among which the small peak on the left can be ascribed to the intercalation of Li + on the carbon layer(C + xLi + + xe -→LixC) [28]. Additionally, the other small peak shifts to higher voltages with peak area decreases, which was related to the loss of capacity caused by the irreversible side reactions after the first circle [19].…”

“…For instance, Fu et al prepared SnO2@C composites with SnO2 nanocrystals anchored on carbon matrix which delivers weak rate performance when used as anode for LIBs [27]. Li et al synthesized SnO2/C composites in which ultrafine SnO2 nanoparticles are bounded in 3D N-doped carbon cages as anode for LIBs, revealing well rapid charging/discharging capability, however, the capacity tends to decline fast during durability cycling test [28]. Moreover, it is worth mentioning that the N-doped carbon matrix cannot only merely improve the electrical conductivity, but also restrain the agglomeration of SnO2 during the reversible reaction [9,11,28].…”