SO<sub>2</sub> scrubbing technologies: A review

Srivastava, Ravi K.; Jozewicz, W.; Singer, Carl

doi:10.1002/ep.670200410

Cited by 237 publications

(159 citation statements)

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“…This technology is also known as semi-dry flue gas desulfurization and is generally used for sources that burn low-to medium-sulfur coal. In the United States, this process has been used in both retrofit applications and new installations on units burning low-sulfur coal [2,22].…”

Section: Spray Dry Scrubbersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The absorption of the SO 2 occurs in an absorber where seawater and flue gas are brought into close contact in a countercurrent flow. When the flue gas comes into contact with seawater in the absorber, the SO 2 in the flue gas dissolves in water to form bisulfite ðHSO 2 3 Þ and some of the bisulfite is converted to sulfite ðSO 22 3 Þ [9]:…”

Section: Seawater Scrubbing Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sulfur oxides formation and control

Miller

2015

Fossil Fuel Emissions Control Technologies

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Section: Spray Dry Scrubbersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Seawater Scrubbing Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfur oxides formation and control

Miller

2015

Fossil Fuel Emissions Control Technologies

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“…Released SO X compounds can be reduced by the same methods employed in the power generating industry, i.e. by absorption in a lime/limestone slurry to produce FDG (flue gas desulphurised gypsum) [Srivastava et al, 2001;Ogenga et al, 2010;Lee et al, 2008].…”

Section: Other Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Cement production: How “green” and sustainable is the industry?

Potgieter

2012

EMSD

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Problem statement: This paper tries to answer the question: Is cement production still a sustainable industry in the 21 st century? Approach: It starts off by considering the current status quo and potential alternatives for the production process, right from the raw meal composition stage through to the final application of cement in concrete. Results: In the process alternative raw meal components and energy sources are reviewed in detail. The changes that could and should be made to cement plants and equipment to produce cement more sustainably, as well as different types of other binders that can be used for construction, are discussed. The suitability of the cement production process to destroy wastes and utilize byproducts from other industrial processes, are highlighted and analysed. Alternative methods and equipment to manufacture cement, are summarized and ways to get rid off or convert the released carbon dioxide from the cement manufacturing, are discussed. Conclusions:In the final instance the conclusion is reached that the cement industry, despite proven new technology, equipment and concepts, can do more to respond fast enough and to a sufficient extent to improve the sustainability of their operations substantially and to an acceptable level for the 21 st century.

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“…SOx is known to induce respiratory illness as well as acid depositions in the environment, thereby contributing to acid rain [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spray Combustion Analysis of Humins

Feijen¹,

Klink

Jong

et al. 2017

SAE Technical Paper Series

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Second generation biomass is an attractive renewable feedstock for transport fuels. Its sulfur content is generally negligible and the carbon cycle is reduced from millions to tens of years. One hitherto non-valorized feedstock are so-called humins, a residual product formed in the conversion of sugars to platform chemicals, such as hydroxymethylfurfural and methoxymethylfurfural, intermediates in the production of FDCA, a building block used to produce the polyethylene furanoate (PEF) bottle by Avantium.The focus of this study is to investigate the spray combustion behavior of humins as a renewable alternative for heavy fuel oil (HFO) under large two-stroke engine-like conditions in an optically accessible constant volume chamber. To reduce the viscosity to HFO levels of the otherwise crystalline humins, methyl levulinate (ML), another side-stream from the same sugar dehydration process, is blended to the former compound at 25 wt.-%; a ratio comparable to that actually produced in many dehydration processes.Various fuel properties of interest, including elemental composition, heating value, density, ignition quality, acid number, flash point, pour point, carbon residue, sediment, water and ash content are measured for the resulting humins-ML blend.The blend is injected into an optically accessible constant volume chamber, the dimensions, injector characteristics and prevailing ambient conditions of which are representative of those found in large two-stroke marine engines. Commercial HFO is used as a benchmark.The combustion process is evaluated by means of shadow imaging and OH*-chemiluminescence. The former and latter optical techniques are used to determine the phasing and overall magnitude of the heat release event, and ignition delay/location and flame lift off length, respectively.From the results becomes clear that the average ignition delay is comparable to that of HFO, albeit at a higher cycle-to-cycle variation. Notwithstanding a longer lift off length and more downstream ignition kernels, the overall results suggest that the proposed bioblend is a feasible renewable alternative for HFO in terms of technical feasibility.

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SO₂ scrubbing technologies: A review

Cited by 237 publications

References 0 publications

Sulfur oxides formation and control

Sulfur oxides formation and control

An Overview of Cement production: How “green” and sustainable is the industry?

Spray Combustion Analysis of Humins

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SO2 scrubbing technologies: A review

Cited by 237 publications

References 0 publications

Sulfur oxides formation and control

Sulfur oxides formation and control

An Overview of Cement production: How “green” and sustainable is the industry?

Spray Combustion Analysis of Humins

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SO₂ scrubbing technologies: A review