SOC CMOS technology for personal internet products

A Health-IoT Platform Based on the Integration of Intelligent Packaging, Unobtrusive Bio-Sensor, and Intelligent Medicine Box

“…Compared with devices or systems made from off-the-shelf components, the customized silicon chip compacts power-efficient circuit modules, such as amplifier, analog-to-digital convertor, digital controller, and wireless transmission modules, on to the same chip. A full integration of optimized circuit blocks enables the miniaturization of the physical size of the device as well as reducing power consumption [42]. These features are the key elements to realize the tiny but long-lasting healthcare device.…”

“…The implemented three-stage bioelectrical amplifier totally consumes 2.3 µA current from a 1.2 V supply. A detailed report regarding the circuit design as well as measurement results can be found in [42]. In order to make the Bio-Patch small and soft enough to be stuck on the body, hybrid integration technology is adopted.…”

The World Is Analog

“…RF technology has leveraged device scaling more than any other technology, evolving from a bipolar-based technology to a CMOS-based one that is essential in wireless applications [23]. RF CMOS has many of the same component requirements as MS CMOS but adds RF-specific devices such as an inductor and a variable reactor (varactor) with dedicated layouts to enhance their quality factor, Q 1 (Chap.…”

Compact low-power time-based conversion with noise immunity similar to digital conversion

“…Examples include but are not limited to sensor interfaces, instrumentation, communications, signal processing, biomedical actuation, and industrial control. Analog signal representation is also essential for the integration of analog mixed-signal and RF circuitry into large and complex SOCs because of the serious problems associated with this such as noise, substrate coupling, cross-talk, and variations in process, reference voltage, and temperature [3][4][5][6]. Moreover, data is usually obtained from sensors in a voltage or current form.…”

“…The main motivation for using pulses to encode information in the time domain is that they are significantly more immune to noise, coupling, and variations in process, reference voltage, and temperature than analog signals [2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. This is basically due to converting the analog information to carefully timed signal transitions that are similar to digital schemes.…”