Socio-Economic Sciences: Beyond Quantum Math-like Formalisms

Athalye, Vikram; Haven, Emmanuel

doi:10.3390/quantum3040041

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Recently, we outlined an approach to the construction of quantum physics-analogous (QPA) models of the economics/financial activities, in contrast to the more established approach that has been termed as quantum-like (which could also be termed as quantum math-analogous (QMA)) [10]. There it was explained how the former could be a more general and exhaustive approach than the latter due to its emphasis on taking into consideration the physical foundations—and not just the mathematical language—of quantum theory in the construction of analogous economics/financial models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Causal viewpoint and ensemble interpretation: from physics to the social sciences

Athalye¹,

Haven

2023

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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In this article, we assert that, for the construction of quantum physics -analogous (as opposed to quantum math -analogous) probabilistic models of the social (e.g. economics–financial) reality, the use of the notion of causality and the idea of an ensemble of similarly prepared systems in a socially analogous manner could be essential. We give plausibility arguments in favour of this assertion by considering two social situations describable in terms of discrete-time stochastic (i.e. Markov) processes. The first one is an arbitrary economics/financial context expressed as a temporal sequence of actualized social states (e.g. decisions, choices, preferences, etc.). The other one is more specific, involving a generic supply chain context. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Thermodynamics 2.0: Bridging the natural and social sciences (Part 1)’.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [10], we also provided-which could be called-an analogy checklist. We recall here three of the items from the checklist.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causal viewpoint and ensemble interpretation: from physics to the social sciences

Athalye¹,

Haven

2023

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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Discovery of Economic Collusion by Metrics of Quantum Entanglement

Semenenko

Belolipetskaya

Yuriev

et al. 2023

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An effective economy requires prompt prevention of misconduct of legal entities. With the ever-increasing transaction rate, an important part of this work is finding market collusions based on statistics of electronic traces. We report a solution to this problem based on a quantum-theoretical approach to behavioral modeling. In particular, cognitive states of economic subjects are represented by complex-valued vectors in space formed by the basis of decision alternatives, while decision probabilities are defined by projections of these states to the corresponding directions. Coordination of multilateral behavior then corresponds to entanglement of the joint cognitive state, measured by standard metrics of quantum theory. A high score of these metrics indicates the likelihood of collusion between the considered subjects. The resulting method for collusion discovery was tested with open data on the participation of legal entities in public procurement between 2015 and 2020 available at the federal portal https://zakupki.gov.ru. Quantum models are built for about 80 thousand unique pairs and 10 million unique triples of agents in the obtained dataset. The reliability of collusion discovery was defined by comparison with open data of Federal antimonopoly service available at https://br.fas.gov.ru. The achieved performance allows the discovery of about one-half of known pairwise collusions with a reliability of more than 50%, which is comparable with detection based on classical correlation and mutual information. For three-sided behavior, in contrast, the quantum model is practically the only available option since classical measures are typically limited to the bilateral case. Half of such collusions are detected with a reliability of 40%. The obtained results indicate the efficiency of the quantum-probabilistic approach to modeling economic behavior. The developed metrics can be used as informative features in analytic systems and algorithms of machine learning for this field.

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Socio-Economic Sciences: Beyond Quantum Math-like Formalisms

Cited by 2 publications

References 31 publications

Causal viewpoint and ensemble interpretation: from physics to the social sciences

Causal viewpoint and ensemble interpretation: from physics to the social sciences

Discovery of Economic Collusion by Metrics of Quantum Entanglement

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