Sociolinguistic and Philosophical Discursive Aspects of B. Shaw’s Play ‘Pygmalion’

Abstract

The article dwells on linguo-social aspects of the early 20th century discourse, primarily as they are shown in B. Shaw’s play ‘Pygmalion’, written in 1912 and steeped in the atmosphere of the England of that time. The definition of the term ‘discourse’ is given in accordance with M. Foucault’s theory. It is pointed out that any discourse is inextricably linked with historical factors of its origination as well as the ideology and – in a broader sense – the worldview of people living in a concrete historical epoch. General scientific methods of observation, interpretation and induction have been used. Linguistic methods including linguo-pragmatic and linguo-stylistic approaches to discourse have also been applied. The method of critical discourse analysis makes it possible to emphasize the importance and dynamism of discursive linguo-social aspects. It has been found that the plot of the play is mainly built by the heroes’ exchange on a number of trivial problems. On the other hand, it has philosophical and in particular linguo-philosophical issues that make up the core of the book. As a result, the author sheds some light on his contemporaries’ attitude to language (languages) as well as to certain social groups distinguished – among other criteria – from the point of view of their members’ fluency in received/standard English. The hybrid character of B. Shaw’s literary discourse is highlighted. It has been shown that, within the analyzed discourse framework, everyday and mundane philosophical discursive practices play a prominent role. The latter can be conducive to the spread of (linguo-social) prejudices but at the same time it is not uncommon for them to serve as a basis for an alternative discourse.