Sodium channel point mutations associated with pyrethroid resistance in Chinese strains of Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae)

Abstract

BackgroundPesticide resistance due to sodium channel point mutations has been well documented in many mosquito species.MethodsWe tested the resistance of six, wild, Chinese populations of the mosquito Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus to deltamethrin and cyhalothrin. The full length of the sodium channel gene was cloned and sequenced from a pooled sample of mosquitoes from each population.ResultsSeven amino acid alterations were found (V250M, R436K, M943V, I973T, L1035F, L1035S and E1901D). Correlation between the frequencies of these mutations and the level of pesticide resistance (LC50) associated with them indicates that those at position L1035 (corresponding to position L1014F in the house fly, Musca domestica; GenBank Accession No.: X96668) are associated with resistance to deltamethrin and cyhalothrin. The frequency of the L1035F mutation was significantly correlated with resistance to deltamethrin (R2 = 0.536, P = 0.049) and cyhalothrin (R2 = 0.626, P = 0.030), and the combined frequency of the L1035F and L1035S mutations was significantly correlated with resistance to both deltamethrin (R2 = 0.661, P = 0.025), and cyhalothrin (R2 = 0.803, P = 0.008). None of the other mutations were correlated with either deltamethrin or cyhalothrin resistance. Interestingly, an HWE test indicated significant linkage between the M943V and I973T mutations (P < 0.01), but further research is required to determine the biological significance of this linkage.ConclusionsIdentifying these mutations may be of practical benefit to the development of pesticide resistance management programs.

NovelKdrmutations (K964R and A943V) in pyrethroid‐resistant populations ofTriatoma mazzottiiandTriatoma longipennisfrom Mexico and detoxifying enzymes

“…The A943V mutation is located in the IIS5 in the sodium channel gene (the sequence was aligned with Musca domestica , sodium channel gene, GenBank™ Accession No. X96668) (Zhao et al ., ). In both populations of T. longipennis (J and Gto), we reported the presence of the mutation K964R, a mutation reported in populations of Anopheles koliensis Owen (the sequences were aligned with An.…”

Competence of Aedes aegypti, Ae. albopictus, and Culex quinquefasciatus Mosquitoes as Zika Virus Vectors, China

“…albopictus and Cx. quinquefasciatus ( 23 , 24 ); Ae. albopictus mosquitoes are the primary vector of dengue virus (family Flaviviridae ) ( 25 ).…”

A Near-Chromosome Level Genome Assembly of the European Hoverfly, Sphaerophoria Rueppellii (Diptera: Syrphidae), and a Comparative Analysis of Insecticide Resistance-Related Gene Families in Hemipteran Crop Pests and Pollinators

“…This includes those in the sodium channel para gene, which can confer resistance to pyrethroids; the GABA-gated ion channel RDL which can lead to multiple insecticide resistance; the acetylcholinesterase (ace-2) enzyme which is associated with organophosphate and carbamate resistance; the Ryanodine receptor which is linked to diamide resistance and acetyl CoA carboxylase which is linked to keto-enol resistance. Despite mutations in these genes having been observed across Diptera species including house ies and mosquitoes as well as crop pests such as white ies, aphids and diamondback moths, none were found in this S. rueppellii genome [159][160][161][162][163][164][165][166][167][168][169][170][171][172][173].…”