Sodium citrate: A universal reducing agent for reduction / decoration of graphene oxide with au nanoparticles

Abstract

A facile method is proposed for the synthesis of reduced graphene oxide nanosheets (RGONS) and Au nanoparticle-reduced graphene oxide nanosheet (Au-RGONS) hybrid materials, using graphene oxide (GO) as precursor and sodium citrate as reductant and stabilizer. The resulting RGONS and Au-RGONS hybrid materials were characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. It was found that the RGONS and Au-RGONS hybrid materials formed stable colloidal dispersions through hydrogen bonds between the residual oxygen-containing functionalities on the surface of RGONS and the hydroxyl/carboxyl groups of sodium citrate. The electrochemical responses of RGONS and Au-RGONS hybrid material-modified glassy carbon electrodes (GCE) to three kinds of biomolecules were investigated, and all of them showed a remarkable increase in electrochemical performance relative to a bare GCE.

Synthesis of graphene/methylene blue/gold nanoparticles composites based on simultaneous green reduction, in situ growth and self-catalysis

“…Compared to GO, the absorbance peak of rGO shifts to about 261 nm (Fig. 2c), indicating that GO can be reduced to rGO [19]. As to rGO/MB (Fig.…”

“…Despite these progresses, the method for producing single sheet GN is limited, because it involves laborious mechanical peeling of graphite layers and subsequent electrode attachment with electron beam lithography; these constraints severely limit the study and application of GN [18]. Chemical or thermal conversion from GO is the most suitable method for the low-cost and large-scale production of GN due to the easy preparation of GO from natural graphite by the modified Hummers' method [19]. GN derived from the chemical or thermal conversion of GO is also called reduced graphene oxide (rGO).…”

“…Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) possess a series of excellent properties, such as large surface-to-volume ratio, outstanding electrical properties, high surface reaction activity, and strong adsorption ability, and these are helpful in improving rGO properties. Due to these fantastic properties, AuNPs have been extensively used as rGO decorators [19,30,31]. To date, most composites that combine rGO with AuNPs were synthesized through co-reduction of the precursors, chloroauric acid (HAuCl 4 ) and GO, by chemical reductants, such as sodium borohydride (NaBH 4 ) and hydrazine (N 2 H 4 ) [32][33][34].…”

Graphene oxide-silver nanocomposite as a promising biocidal agent against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

“…Thus, in the current study, the adsorbed citrate anions could have acted as nucleation sites for Ag + ions, leading to a subsequent formation and stabilization of AgNPs on the GO surface. 36 antibacterial activity of gO and gO-ag: MIc, MBc, and time-kill curves…”

Synthesis and study of catalytic application of l-methionine protected gold nanoparticles

“…Among, the chemical reduction of metal salts is most convenient method. The reducing agent including sodium borohydride (Faraday 1857;Zhenjiang 2005), sodium citrate (Frens 1973;Zhang et al 2011), carbon monoxide (Chen and Xie 2016;Lee and Meisel 1980), and alcohol (Youk et al 2001) are mostly commonly employed in the reduction of salt to NPs. However, organic reducing agents are toxic; therefore, this study focuses on the development of eco-friendly methods for the preparation of metal NPs (Karthik et al 2016;Khan et al 2016Khan et al , 2017a.…”