Soft body armour

Mawkhlieng, Unsanhame; Majumdar, Abhijit

doi:10.1080/00405167.2019.1692583

Cited by 43 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 190 publications

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“…While the various material characteristics are important for stab-resistance, the true performance of a material has to be tested also in a relevant scenario. As there is no “standardized stabbing” in real world, a manual test of knife penetration according to the Germany standard test NJJ 0115.0 was performed, where an average male adult is stabbing the studied material, with a typical maximum energy of 33 J in level 2 [ 15 ]. As the laminates with the highest hardness and stiffness were those with the UF adhesive, the tests were carried out on 20-layer UF laminates (repeated on three different samples) shown as images of one sample in Figure 6 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The shore D hardness (HA, hardness) of the laminates was determined on the surface using a shore D durometer (Digital Shore D Durometer High Hardness Rubber Tester 100HD, Zhengzhou Nanbei Instrument Equipment Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, China). A Manuel test of knife penetration performed by an adult male was applied using the German standard test NJ 0115.0 [ 15 ]. Bullet proof Manuel testing was performed using a 5 mm Remington Rimfire Magnum pistol (Remington Arms Company, LLC, Madison, NC, USA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Use of Laminates of Commercially Available Fabrics for Anti-Stab Body-Armor

et al. 2021

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Modern personal protective armor has been generally based on the Kevlar fabrics, with the main goal to offer defense against bullets. In addition to the high cost and poor processability, Kevlar has the disadvantage of limited stab-proofing capability. On the other hand, a large number of crimes involving deadly injures represent knife attacks. Our goal in this work was to investigate composites based on traditional commercially available fabrics of linen and silk, using different adhesives-polymers for forming laminates. The silk composites also contained different amounts of in-woven polyester. Three different water-based adhesives of polyurethane, urea formaldehyde and polyvinyl alcohol were considered. It was found, that besides the strength of the fabrics themselves, the adhesives polymers played a crucial role in the obtained performance of the laminates. The laminates were characterized in their mechanical properties, as well as with scanning electron microscopy and FTIR spectroscopy.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Laminates of Commercially Available Fabrics for Anti-Stab Body-Armor

et al. 2021

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“…The scarcity of important resources such as food, land, and other utilities has always been a source of war and armed conflicts. As a consequence, this phenomenon induced the development of weapons, such as swords, axes, firearms, as well as protective armor [ 1 , 2 ]. Over the centuries, several materials have been employed to protect the human body from threats, e.g., wood, leather, wool, bronze, and steel [ 3 , 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabric Impregnation with Shear Thickening Fluid for Ballistic Armor Polymer Composites: An Updated Overview

et al. 2022

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As destructive power of firearms raises over the years, ballistic armors are in continuous need of enhancement. For soft armors, this improvement is invariably related to the increase of stacked layers of high-strength fiber fabrics, which potentially restrains wearer mobility. A different solution was created in the early 2000s, when a research work proposed a new treatment of the ballistic panels with non-Newtonian colloidal shear thickening fluid (STF), in view of weight decreasing with strength reinforcement and cost-effective production. Since then, databases reveal a surge in publications generally pointing to acceptable features under ballistic impact by exploring different conditions of the materials adopted. As a result, several works have not been covered in recent reviews for a wider discussion of their methodologies and results, which could be a barrier to a deeper understanding of the behavior of STF-impregnated fabrics. Therefore, the present work aims to overview the unexplored state-of-art on the effectiveness of STF addition to high-strength fabrics for ballistic applications to compile achievements regarding the ballistic strength of this novel material through different parameters. From the screened papers, SiO2, Polyethylene glycol (PEG) 200 and 400, and Aramid are extensively being incorporated into the STF/Fabric composites. Besides, parameters such as initial and residual velocity, energy absorbed, ballistic limit, and back face signature are common metrics for a comprehensive analysis of the ballistic performance of the material. The overview also points to a promising application of natural fiber fabrics and auxetic fabrics with STF fluids, as well as the demand for the adoption of new materials and more homogeneous ballistic test parameters. Finally, the work emphasizes that the ballistic application for STF-impregnated fabric based on NIJ standards is feasible for several conditions.

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“…Stab-resistant armor is a kind of equipment which can effectively prevent bladed weapons from attacking the protected parts and reduce the threat of stabbing the human body [ 1 , 2 ]. After years of research and development, clothing has gradually developed from hard armor to soft clothing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stab-Resistant Performance of the Well-Engineered Soft Body Armor Materials Using Shear Thickening Fluid

Wei

Dong²,

Wen³

et al. 2022

Molecules

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Stab-resistant body armor can effectively prevent sharp instruments from attacking the protected parts and reduce the threat to human bodies. Shear thickening fluid (STF) is a kind of smart material with variable viscosity and its viscosity can change significantly with external stimuli. The soft and adaptive characteristics of STF provide a new idea for improving the performance of stab-proof materials. In this work, three kinds of soft anti-stabbing materials were designed and prepared with aramid, poly–p–phenylene benzodioxazole (PBO), and carbon fiber fabrics impregnated with STF. Quasi-static puncture tests and dynamic impact tests were conducted to compare the performance of different anti-stabbing structures. The results showed that the peak piercing force of the STF-treated fabrics in the puncture testing was greatly increased than that of neat samples. Against the D2 knife, the maximum impact load of STF/PBO fiber fabric was increased from 55.8 N to 72.9 N, increasing by 30.6%. Against the D3 spike, the maximum impact load of STF/aramid fabric was increased from 128.9 N to 254.7 N, increasing by 197.6%. The mechanical properties of fibers were important factors for the resistance to knives, and the fabric structure was the key point to bear the spike. Optical photographs of fabric fractures and scanning electron microscope analysis indicated that the STF effectively limited the slip of the fiber bundle when the tool penetrated the fabric, which played a positive role in maintaining the tightness and integrity of the fabric structure.

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Soft body armour

Cited by 43 publications

References 190 publications

The Use of Laminates of Commercially Available Fabrics for Anti-Stab Body-Armor

The Use of Laminates of Commercially Available Fabrics for Anti-Stab Body-Armor

Fabric Impregnation with Shear Thickening Fluid for Ballistic Armor Polymer Composites: An Updated Overview

Stab-Resistant Performance of the Well-Engineered Soft Body Armor Materials Using Shear Thickening Fluid

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