Soft diet causes greater alveolar osteopenia in the mandible than in the maxilla

Shimizu, Yasuhiro; Ishida, Takeshi; Hosomichi, Jun; Kaneko, Sawa; Hatano, Kasumi; Ono, Takashi

doi:10.1016/j.archoralbio.2013.02.003

Cited by 35 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…For each paper, the following items were listed: subject of the study, experimental intervention, follow-up period, selected region of interest used in the micro-CT analysis, parameters quantified, micro-CT scanner device and software. Two articles described bone alterations in both maxilla and mandible [3], [7], and two in mandible and condyle [11], [19]. Six studies applied in vivo micro-CT, performed in the maxilla [6], [15], [20], [21] and in the condyle [10], [22].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A total of 10 papers investigated the effect of mechanical loading, through diet texture modification and mastication [7], [11], [13], [19], [27], [29], [31], [36], [37], [38] on the bone micro-architecture, while 8 addressed the effect of drug intervention [3], [12], [32], [34], [39], [40], [41], [42]. One paper investigated the mandibular bone architecture in the ovariectomy-induced osteoporotic animal [43].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With regard to the maxillofacial bone and teeth, micro-CT analysis has been mainly used to evaluate alveolar bone remodelling [3], [4], [5], the dynamic changes in periodontal ligament thickness [6] as well as specific osseous sites in the cortical and trabecular bone compartment [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13]. However, many of such studies have used micro-CT imaging analyses without detailed description of the applied methodological parameters such as region of interest, the histograms of grey level, the scripts used in the analysis software and the outcome variables.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Micro-CT analysis of the rodent jaw bone micro-architecture: A systematic review

et al. 2015

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IntroductionKnowledge about macro- and micro-structural characteristics may improve in vivo estimation of the quality and quantity of regenerated bone tissue. For this reason, micro-CT imaging has been applied to evaluate alveolar bone remodelling, alterations of periodontal ligament thickness and cortical and trabecular bone changes in rodent jaw bones. In this paper, we provide a systematic review on the available micro-CT literature on jaw bone micro-architecture.MethodologyA detailed search through the PubMed database was performed. Articles published up to December 2013 and related to maxilla, mandible and condyle with quantitatively analysed bone micro-architectural parameters were considered eligible for inclusion. Two reviewers assessed the search results according to inclusion criteria designed to identify animal studies quantifying the bone micro-architecture of the jaw rodent bones in physiological or drug-induced disease status, or in response to interventions such as mechanical loading, hormonal treatment and other metabolic alterations. Finally, the reporting quality of the included publications was evaluated using the tailored ARRIVE guidelines outlined by Vignoletti and Abrahamsson (2012).ResultsDatabase search, additional manual searching and assessment of the inclusion and exclusion criteria retrieved 127 potentially relevant articles. Eventually, 14 maxilla, 20 mandible and 12 condyle articles with focus on bone healing were retained, and were analysed together with 3 methodological papers. Each study was described systematically in terms of subject, experimental intervention, follow-up period, selected region of interest used in the micro-CT analysis, parameters quantified, micro-CT scanner device and software. The evidence level evaluated by the ARRIVE guidelines showed high mean scores (between 18 and 25; range: 0–25), indicating that most of the selected studies are well-reported. The major obstacles identified were related to sample size calculation, absence of adverse event descriptions, randomization or blinding procedures.ConclusionsThe evaluated studies are highly heterogeneous in terms of research topic and the different regions of interest. These results illustrate the need for a standardized methodology in micro-CT analysis. While the analysed studies do well according to the ARRIVE guidelines, the micro-CT procedure is often insufficiently described. Therefore we recommend to extend the ARRIVE guidelines for micro-CT studies.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Micro-CT analysis of the rodent jaw bone micro-architecture: A systematic review

et al. 2015

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“…The elaborated experimental model in this study is characterized by numerous advantages in comparison to other animal models. In rodents, serial blood collection, small size of mandible and existing differences in bone growth and mineralization pattern in comparison to humans make these experimental models and data interpretation less attractive than in case of sheep or other small ruminants [26–29]. Bone size, histological characteristic and bone remodeling activity, as well as bone metabolism responses to hormonal manipulations in sheep skeleton is similar to humans [30, 31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological, densitometric and mechanical properties of mandible in 5-month-old Polish Merino sheep

2016

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BackgroundAmong bones building the axial and appendicular skeleton, the mandible is characterized by unique morphological and functional traits. The aim of the study was to evaluate morphological, densitometric and mechanical properties of mandible in 5-month-old Polish Merino sheep. Using quantitative computed tomography, volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) and calcium hydroxyapatite density of the cortical bone (CbCa-HA), mean vBMD (MvBMD) and total bone volume were determined. Using computed tomography cross-sectional scans of the mandible, cross-sectional area, second moment of inertia, mean relative wall thickness and cortical index were determined. Three-point bending test was applied to determine mechanical properties. Serum concentration of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP) was also measured.ResultsAll the investigated morphometric, densitometric and mechanical parameters of the right and left mandibular halves were not significantly different (P > 0.05). There was no correlation of final body weight, MvBMD, CbCa-HA, BAP and IGF-I with all the analyzed parameters of mandible (P > 0.05). However, positive correlations between the other investigated morphometric, densitometric and mechanical parameter of mandible were found (P < 0.05).ConclusionsRelationships between morphological, densitometric and mechanical parameters of the mandible indicate that the elaborated experimental model may serve for further studies on metabolic responses of skeletal system to physiological, nutritional, pharmacological, toxicological and environmental factors.

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“…Briefly, four pairs of mandible bones were resected from sham and uremic rats, and each pair was examined simultaneously ex vivo. The inter-radicular alveolar bone in the first molar region of the mandible was selected as the ROI for structural morphometry, as this area is exposed to concentrated occlusal stimuli and is often used for alveolar bone histomorphometry [45,46]. The densities of trabecular bones were measured in Hounsfield units (HU).…”

Section: Alveolar Bone Density Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uremia Induces Dental Pulp Ossification but Reciprocally Inhibits Adjacent Alveolar Bone Osteogenesis

et al. 2015

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Uremic patients are predisposed to atrophy of the alveolar bone and narrowing of the dental pulp chamber. Such pulp chamber changes have only been diagnosed radiologically; however, this has not been supported by any pathological evidence. We used a uremic rat model with secondary hyperparathyroidism induced by 5/6 nephrectomy surgery and high-phosphate diet to examine the dental pulp and adjacent alveolar bone pathology. In addition, we collected pulp tissues for real-time PCR. We found an opposite histopathological presentation of the ossified dental pulp and the osteomalacic adjacent alveolar bone. Furthermore, pulp cells with positive staining for Thy-1, a surrogate stem cell marker, were significantly reduced in the pulp of uremic rats compared to the controls, indicating a paucity of stem cells. This was further evidenced by the reduced pulp expression of dickkopf-1 (Dkk-1), a Wnt/β-catenin signaling inhibitor produced by mesenchymal stem cells. In contrast, expressions of receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) and RANK in uremic pulp were up-regulated, probably to counteract the ossifying process of uremic pulp. In conclusion, uremic pulp ossifications were associated with a paucity of stem cells and dysregulated Dkk-1 and RANKL signaling systems, further shifting the imbalance toward osteogenesis. Strategies to counteract such an imbalance may offer a potential therapeutic target to improve dental health in uremic patients, which warrants further interventional studies.

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Soft diet causes greater alveolar osteopenia in the mandible than in the maxilla

Cited by 35 publications

References 21 publications

Micro-CT analysis of the rodent jaw bone micro-architecture: A systematic review

Micro-CT analysis of the rodent jaw bone micro-architecture: A systematic review

Morphological, densitometric and mechanical properties of mandible in 5-month-old Polish Merino sheep

Uremia Induces Dental Pulp Ossification but Reciprocally Inhibits Adjacent Alveolar Bone Osteogenesis

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