Soft Open Point in Distribution Networks

Fuad, Khaled Syfullah; Hafezi, Hossein; Kauhaniemi, Kimmo; Laaksonen, Hannu

doi:10.1109/access.2020.3039552

Cited by 69 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…f/state-of-charge/U-dependent) charging with onedirectional chargers during frequency level 3 underfrequencies or adaptive charging/discharging with bidirectional chargers at level 3 under-and over-frequencies. In addition, fast EV-charging stations and soft open points (SOPs) [29] could have also similar reverse QU-droops at level 3 as other DER units. Further, grid code requirements at level 4 frequency deviations (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexibility Services Provision by Frequency-Dependent Control of On-Load Tap-Changer and Distributed Energy Resources

et al. 2021

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Distribution network connected distributed energy resources (DER) are able to provide various flexibility services for distribution system operators (DSOs) and transmission system operators (TSOs). These local and system-wide flexibility services offered by DER can support the frequency (f) and voltage (U) management of a future power system with large amounts of weather-dependent renewable generation and electric vehicles. Depending on the magnitude of frequency deviation, other active network management-based frequency control services for TSOs could also be provided by DSOs in coordination with adaptive control of DER. This paper proposes utilisation of demand response based on frequencydependent HV/MV transformer on-load tap-changer (OLTC) operation in case of larger frequency deviations. The main principle underlying the proposed scheme lies in the voltage dependency of the distribution network connected loads. In this paper, it is also proposed to, simultaneously with frequencydependent OLTC control, utilise reverse reactive power-voltage (QU)-and adaptive active power-voltage (PU)-droops with distribution network connected DER units during these larger frequency deviations, in order to enable better frequency support service for TSOs from DSO networks. The effectivity and potential of the proposed schemes are shown through PSCAD simulations. In addition, this paper also presents a holistic and collaborative view of potential future frequency control services which are provided by DSO network-connected resources for TSOs at different frequency deviation levels.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexibility Services Provision by Frequency-Dependent Control of On-Load Tap-Changer and Distributed Energy Resources

et al. 2021

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“…A simplification has been made in (11) considering that line impedances Rg and ωLg are usually much smaller than the load resistance Rlb. The combinations of ( 9) and ( 10), ( 9) and ( 11), ( 9) and ( 12) respectively determine the values of Iab_n, Iab_i, and Iab_s, as shown in Fig.…”

Section: ( )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To merge the merits of radial and networked power grids, power-electronic-interfaced soft open point (SOPs) have been developed, which can prevent the short-circuit current from spreading out and provide an alternative route of electricity supply during the islanded faults [10]- [11]. The existing SOPs usually has a back-to-back configuration with two or multiple converters sharing the same DC link.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fault-tolerant Distribution Network Enabled by Series Soft Open Point

Yang¹

2021

Preprint

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Reliability enhancement is always considered as the top priority of the power distribution network. It is highly expected that the power network faults can be locally addressed without spreading into the entire grid. To fulfill the requirement, this paper develops a smart power-electronics device named series soft open point (SSOP). The proposed SSOP connects two AC terminals and can suppress the surge current caused by a short-circuit fault. In addition, it also performs the grid-forming function during an islanding fault. The principle of SSOP will be elaborated and the effectiveness of this proposal is validated by experimental results.

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“…By contrast, the studies focusing on designing control strategies or providing control loops or modulation waves for SOPs are categorized into "control". The research in SOPs has been conducted for over 10 years and attracted lots of interest in recent 5 years, but there is rare review [21] published in this area. In [21], the implementing challenges are discussed, in particular the duties of SOPs are proposed according to modern standards.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%