Soft tissue adaptation to modified titanium surfaces

Abstract

Surface modification of titanium alloy implants to enhance soft tissue adherence is important to minimize soft tissue dehiscence. This study aimed to confirm if a dual acid etched "Osseotite®" titanium surface contributes to soft tissue adherence in muscle. It also aims to explore if a radio frequency magnetron sputtered hydroxyapatite (HA)/bioglass (BG) coating can serve this purpose and provides soft tissue adherence in mucosal tissue. The study was carried out in 18 Macaca fascicularis animals, 14 Osseotite® coated Ti6Al4V bullets inserted intramuscularly and 12 HA/BG coated Ti6Al4V plates inserted into the submucosa. These were compared with machined Ti6Al4V surfaces as controls. The histological and histomorphometrical results revealed that no significant difference existed in muscle tissue response between machined and Osseotite® surfaces. On the other hand, the HA/BG coated submucosal plates showed statistically significant differences with a thinner capsule quantity (p < 0.0001), an increased capsule quality (p < 0.0001) and interface quality score (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the deposited HA/BG coatings facilitated soft tissue (mucosa) adaptation at 1 month of implant installation, whereas the acid etched Osseotite® surface did not enhance muscular adaptation.

Is the presence of keratinized mucosa associated with periimplant tissue health? A clinical cross-sectional analysis

“…The implant type and material may influence the periimplant parameters especially the bone level. It is discussed whether machined surfaces are more favorable for periimplant soft tissue parameters [40]. But different implant surface conditions may alter the effect on KM [28,40].…”

“…It is discussed whether machined surfaces are more favorable for periimplant soft tissue parameters [40]. But different implant surface conditions may alter the effect on KM [28,40]. To identify influencing factors like implant surface or occlusal overload, longitudinal prospective studies with a standardized protocol are needed.…”

Subcutaneous tissue response to titanium, poly(ϵ‐caprolactone), and carbonate‐substituted hydroxyapatite‐coated poly(ϵ‐caprolactone) plates: A rabbit study

“…In previous studies, a titanium modular mandibular endoprosthesis has been developed to repair segmental defects of the mandible, which demonstrated stability and good fixation to bone in animal studies 1, 2. However, in some instances, dehiscence has proven to be a problem especially when the soft tissue does not adhere to the body of device, with subsequent exposure of the prosthesis 3…”

“…It is known that implant surface chemistry, shape, and mechanical properties are all factors that affect the implant‐soft tissue adhesion 3. For example, implant surface topography has a major effect on implant tissue response 4.…”

“…However, less studies have investigated the effect of increased surface roughness of the implant on soft tissue attachment. Lee et al designed an experiment to study the effect of titanium surface modification on soft tissue attachment 3. Both machined surface and ‐etched titanium bullets were implanted for 6 months in the muscle of Macaca fascicularis monkeys.…”