Soil Compaction and Crop Response to Wheat/Soybean Interseeding

Khalilian, Ahmad; Hood, C. E.; Palmer, James; Garner, T. H.; Bathke, G. R.

doi:10.13031/2013.31871

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Bent-leg implements, such as Paratill and Terra Max, are commercially available for crop production. Previous research in South Carolina has shown that bent-leg shanks loosened a greater volume of the compacted layer compared to the straight-legged shanks [5] [6]. Averaged over three years, non-irrigated soybeans planted behind a Paratill yielded 11% more than those planted following a straight shank subsoiler [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Deep tillage operation with a bent-leg shank plow (Paratill) resulted in soils with higher saturated hydraulic conductivity and lower bulk density in the plant root zone compared to soils under the conven- There is a great interest in reducing the frequency of deep tillage to reduce horsepower requirements and fuel costs associated with tillage operations. Research in selected sandy soils in South Carolina has shown reconsolidation of the hardpan layer from one season to another [5]. The controlled-traffic system is designed to minimize hardpan development by isolating vehicle wheel traffic away from the crop root zone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vehicle tires need a compact zone to support traffic in all-weather conditions; however, crop roots need a relatively loose and friable soil which enhances root penetration and access to soil moisture, oxygen, and nutrients. Previous research on controlled-traffic systems has shown that, under the right conditions controlled-traffic can increase crop yield, optimize vehicle tire flotation and traction for all-weather operations, and minimize the need for seasonal deep-tillage [5] [9] [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Five Tillage Systems in Coastal Plain Soils for Cotton Production

Khalilian¹,

Jones²,

Bauer³

et al. 2017

OJSS

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Soil compaction management in the southeastern USA typically relies heavily on the practice of annual deep tillage. Strip tillage systems have shown considerable promise for reducing energy and labor requirements, equipment costs, soil erosion, and cotton plant damage from blowing sand. Replicated field trials were conducted for three years in South Carolina, to compare the performance of three different strip tillage systems to conventional tillage and no-till methods. A second objective was to investigate whether the frequency of deep tillage can be reduced by planting cotton directly using controlled wheel traffic into the previous year's subsoiler furrow. Tillage treatments included: conventional tillage (disk-subsoil-bed), straight shank strip-till, bent-leg shank strip-till (Paratill), bent-leg shank strip till (Terra Max), and no-till. Deep tillage was performed in all plots the first year. In years two and three, the plots were split and half received annual deep tillage and the other half were not deep tilled either year. Tillage methods were compared side by side with and without irrigation. Deep tillage reduced soil compaction and increased taproot length and cotton yields than the no-till system. There was no difference in cotton lint yield between the strip-till systems and conventional tillage in either dry land or irrigated plots. Deep tillage increased cotton lint yields compared to no-till. There was no difference in lint yield between plots which were deep-tilled in all three years with those which had tillage operation only in first year of the test. Dry matter partitioning at first bloom was reduced in plant height, total dry weight, and leaf area in strip-till and no-till production systems compared to the conventional tillage system. The results suggest that all three strip tillage systems are equally effective for cotton production and that annual deep tillage is not necessary if controlled traffic is employed.How to cite this paper: Khalilian, A., Jones, M.A., Bauer, P

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Five Tillage Systems in Coastal Plain Soils for Cotton Production

Khalilian¹,

Jones²,

Bauer³

et al. 2017

OJSS

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“…Although deep tilling is usually necessary, little is known about the optimum time to deep till for winter wheat produced on the Coastal Plain, especially for wheat grown with no surface tillage. If controlled traffic is used during the growing season, deep tilling once prior to wheat planting is usually sufficient for optimum soybean yields when soybean is interseeded into winter wheat (Khalilian et al, 1991). However, the optimum time to deep till may depend on the specific management practices used to produce the crop.…”

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confidence: 99%

Grain Yield and Yield Components of Doublecropped Winter Wheat as Affected by Wheat and Previous Soybean Production Practices

Frederick

Bauer²,

Busscher³

2001

Crop Science

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Development and grain yield of doublecropped winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) are influenced by the production practices used to produce the wheat crop and potentially by those used to produce the previous crop. This 2‐yr field study was conducted on a Goldsboro loamy sand (fine‐loamy, siliceous, thermic Aquic Kandiudult) to determine whether production practices used in the spring to produce the previous soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] crop affect wheat grain yield and yield component responses to fall production practices. Treatments were deep tillage the previous spring prior to planting soybean using row widths of 19 or 76 cm, deep tillage in the fall prior to wheat planting, deep tillage in both the spring and fall, and no deep tillage for wheat planted with and without surface tillage. Fall deep tillage was the only treatment that consistently increased grain yield and all of the yield components; increasing grain yield, fertile head number per square meter, kernel number per head, and individual kernel weight by an average of 27, 11, 10, and 3%, respectively, over all other treatments. Grain yield and kernel number per square meter responses to fall deep tillage were greatest with no spring deep tillage, with no surface tillage, or when the previous soybean was grown using 76‐cm‐row widths. Grain yield, fertile head number per square meter, and kernel weight were all higher without surface tillage than with surface tillage. Results from this study show that production practices used to produce the previous soybean crop, such as row width and spring deep tillage, can have a significant effect on the grain yield and yield component responses of wheat to fall production practices.

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“…Compaction increases bulk density and penetrometer resistance while it reduces penetrability of roots to soil (Unger and Kaspar 1994) and crop yield (Husnjak et al 2002, Birkás et al 2002. Penetration resistance over 1000 kPa usually decreases yield (Khalilian et al 1991). Soil compaction may significantly impair productivity of soil by decreasing the aeration, soil water storage and crop water use efficiency (Radford et al 2001).…”

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confidence: 99%

Silage maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings emergence as influenced by soil compaction treatments and contact pressures

Taşer¹,

Kara²

2005

Plant Soil Environ.

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Soil compaction caused by mechanical force affects the vegetative and generative plant growth. Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of soil compaction treatments and soil contact pressures on bulk density, penetration resistance and silage maize emergence in a clay-loam soil. Soil compaction treatments were applied while planting as follows: Compaction on furrow surface (F-surface), compaction on furrow bo�om (F-bo�om), compaction on inter row (I-row), and non-extra compaction as a control (C). The soil contact pressures of 0.025, 0.051 and 0.076 MPa were applied while the control was 0.0085 MPa. Significant differences between soil compaction treatments and contact pressures were recorded in bulk density, penetration resistance and silage maize emergence. Percentage of emerged seedlings increased as the soil contact pressure was increased slightly. The lowest mean percentage of emerged seedlings (52.63%) was obtained with 0.076 MPa contact pressure in F-surface treatment and the highest mean value (81.58%) was obtained with 0.025 MPa contact pressure in F-bo�om compaction treatment. The control treatment gave the 69% mean value under the non-irrigated condition.Keywords: soil compaction treatments; soil contact pressures; soil physical properties; maize emergence 290PLANT SOIL ENVIRON., 51, 2005 (7): 289-295 through August rainfall was less than 360 mm in Minnesota (USA). A similar study was performed by Gameda et al. (1983) who found that when May through September rainfall was less than 360 mm in Quebec (Canada), corn yield increased as tire-soil contact pressure was increased slightly. Above the 530 mm rainfall, corn yield decreased as tire-soil contact pressure was increased.Some researchers explained that soil compaction by traffic might have an effect on yield. Ngunjiri and Siemens (1995) concluded that the corn yield was affected by wheel traffic compaction. The yield was found significantly lower on entire plot compaction treatment than the yield from no wheel compaction on rows and between rows compaction treatments. Similar results were presented by Bayhan et al. (2002). Honsson and Reeder (1994) reported that repeated wheel traffic on agricultural soils in seven different countries of Europe and North America caused 14% crop yield loss. As penetrometer resistance increased, mean emergence date was delayed and percentage of emerged seedling decreased. Bilbro and Wanjura (1982), Unger and Kaspar (1994) came to similar conclusions. They suggested that field traffic treatments resulted in soil compaction and decreased yield.Many others examined the effect of soil compaction on crop growth and yield. In some of these studies, compactions were applied on inter-rows, furrow surface, and then yields were evaluated and compared. Effects of furrow bottom compaction on second crop silage maize germination as well as the other compaction treatments with different soil contact pressures have not been studied sufficiently so far.In this study, effects of different soil compaction treatment...

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Soil Compaction and Crop Response to Wheat/Soybean Interseeding

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Comparison of Five Tillage Systems in Coastal Plain Soils for Cotton Production

Comparison of Five Tillage Systems in Coastal Plain Soils for Cotton Production

Grain Yield and Yield Components of Doublecropped Winter Wheat as Affected by Wheat and Previous Soybean Production Practices

Silage maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings emergence as influenced by soil compaction treatments and contact pressures

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