Soil compaction effects on maize production under various tillage methods in a derived Savannah zone of Nigeria

Onwualu, Azikiwe Peter; Anazodo, U. G. N.

doi:10.1016/0167-1987(89)90025-1

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…No PM os valores de densidade do solo são intermediários entre PC e PD, e diferentes de ambos, sendo associados ao revolvimento parcial do solo pelo equipamento de escarificação. Resultados similares foram obtidos por Onwualu & Anazodo (1989) num Oxissolo na Nigéria. Os menores valores da densidade do solo podem ser atribuídos ao intenso revolvimento do solo e à incorporação dos resíduos culturais (Hill, 1990).…”

Section: Resultados E Discussão Densidade Do Solounclassified

“…O maior valor de densidade do solo no PD, comparado com outros sistemas de preparo tem sido constatado por outros autores em estudos conduzidos no Brasil (Centurion & Demattê, 1985 1995; Corsini & Ferraudo, 1999) e em outros países (Onwualu & Anazodo, 1989;Voorhees, 1983). Sob condições de maior densidade do solo na superfície, há possibilidade de reduções na produtividade das culturas quando da ocorrência de déficit hídrico nos estágios fenológicos críticos (Domzal & Slowinska-Jurkiewicz, 1987), o que foi constatado por Onwualu & Anazodo (1989). A longo prazo, é possível que o acúmulo de matéria orgânica e a redução no tráfego contribuam para reduzir a densidade do solo no sistema de plantio direto.…”

Section: Resultados E Discussão Densidade Do Solounclassified

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Densidade, porosidade e resistência à penetração em Latossolo cultivado sob diferentes sistemas de preparo do solo

Tormena¹,

Barbosa²,

Costa³

et al. 2002

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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RESUMO: Os sistemas de preparo e manejo do solo determinam as condições físicas para o crescimento das plantas e produtividade das culturas. O objetivo deste estudo é o de avaliar algumas propriedades físicas de um Latossolo Vermelho distrófico, cultivado com mandioca, após dois anos de implantação em diferentes sistemas de preparo do solo. Os tratamentos utilizados foram: Plantio Direto (mobilização do solo somente ao longo das linhas de plantio); Preparo Mínimo (escarificação a 0,30 m, seguido de gradagem niveladora) e Preparo Convencional (aração, com arado de aiveca a uma profundidade de 0,25 m, seguido de gradagem niveladora). Avaliaram-se, nas camadas de 0-0,10 m e 0,10-0,20 m, as seguintes propriedades físicas do solo: densidade, volume de macroporos, microporos, a porosidade e a resistência do solo à penetração das raízes, a cada 0,05 m, até à profundidade de 0,40 m, em três diferentes épocas. Constataramse maiores valores de densidade do solo e menores valores de macroporosidade na camada de 0-0,10 m no plantio direto e preparo mínimo do solo. Resultados similares foram obtidos na avaliação da resistência do solo à penetração, independente da época de avaliação e da umidade do solo. Os sistemas de preparo mínimo e preparo convencional do solo proporcionam condições físicas menos restritivas ao crescimento das plantas, quando comparado com o plantio direto. Avaliações de médio-longo prazo são necessárias face às mudanças dinâmicas na qualidade física do solo, impostas pelos sistemas de preparo e manejo do solo e da cultura. Palavras-chave: propriedades físicas do solo, estrutura, plantio direto, escarificação, compactação SOIL BULK DENSITY, POROSITY AND RESISTANCE TO ROOT PENETRATION IN AN OXISOL MANAGED BY DIFFERENT SOIL TILLAGE SYSTEMSABSTRACT: Soil tillage and management affect soil physical conditions for plant growth and crop productivity. The objective of this research was to evaluate some soil physical properties of an Typic Haplorthox located in the Northwest region of the State of Paraná, Brazil, after two years of different tillage systems, with same crop. The tillage systems used were: No-tillage (cultivated only along the crop row -NT), Minimum Tillage (subsoiling to the 0.30 m depth, followed by leveling -MT) and Conventional Tillage (plowing with moldboard plow to the 0.25 m depth, followed by leveling -CT). The following soil physical properties were evaluated at the depths of 0-0.10 m and 0.10-0.20 m: soil bulk density (Bd), soil porosity, and the soil resistance to root penetration (SRP), which was evaluated at each 0.05 m up to 0.4m, during three different periods. The results suggest showed higher values of Bd and smaller values of macroporosity in the 0-0,10 m layer for NT and MT. Similar results were obtained for SRP, independently of the time of evaluation and soil water content. MT and CT may provide favorable soil physical conditions to the growth of the crop when compared to NT. Medium to long-term evaluations are necessary due to the dynamic changes in soil physical quality, res...

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Section: Resultados E Discussão Densidade Do Solounclassified

Densidade, porosidade e resistência à penetração em Latossolo cultivado sob diferentes sistemas de preparo do solo

Tormena¹,

Barbosa²,

Costa³

et al. 2002

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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“…Kayombo & Lal (1986) reported that treatment of a plot by four passes of a 2-tonne roller reduced plant emergence, plant height, leaf area index, root growth and yield of maize more than on untilled plots in three consecutive growing seasons on Alfisol in southwestern Nigeria. However, Onwuala & Anazodo (1989) observed that medium tractor-wheel compaction during mechanized tillage increased emergence and yield of maize on a sandy soil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, soil compaction could impede root growth, thereby limiting the amount of soil explored by the roots (Blay, 1994). Onwuala & Anazodo (1989) observed a decrease in the yield by 7.5% over a two-year period on the use of 4-tonne axle and 6-tonne axle loads on sandy loam soil prior to maize cultivation, since the soil compaction increased even though mean seasonal rainfall was about 525 mm. However, according to these authors, when the rainfall was low, about 350 mm, the maize yield increased, but then decreased as compaction was further increased.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil moisture dynamics in coastal savanna soils in the tropics under different soil management practices

Ampofo

2006

Hydrological Sciences Journal

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Soil moisture is important for crop cultivation and its adequacy to meet crop-water requirements is determined by the degree of soil management practised and the quantity of water applied to the soil. This study investigates soil moisture dynamics on three plots: Bare (clean, weeds removed), Weedy (kept weedy), and Mulched (cleared of weeds and fully covered with grass mulch) during rainy and dry periods at the Teaching and Research Farm at the University of Cape Coast, in the coastal savanna zone of Ghana. Soil moisture dynamics under different levels of soil compaction were also studied. A Massey Ferguson tractor (MF265) was used to compact the soil at various levels by making 0, 1, 5, 9 and 13 passes. During both the rainy and the dry periods, moisture retention in the soil under bare, weedy and mulched plots increased with depth. During the rainy period, the mean soil moisture retention was in the order: Mulched > Weedy > Bare at both 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm depths. Within a 7-day period, soil moisture measurements from a day after heavy rainfall (intensity > 7 mm h -1 ) gave mean moisture losses of 2.7, 4.1 and 3.9% for the Bare, Weedy and Mulched plots, respectively. During the dry period, however, the mean soil moisture retention was of the order: Mulched > Bare > Weedy at both 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm depths. Mean moisture loss during a 7-day dry period was 4.5, 2.9 and 3.4% for the Bare, Weedy and Mulched plots, respectively. Under different levels of soil compaction, the mean moisture retention in the soil increased from 8.3% at 0 pass to 17.8% at 13 passes within the 0-20 cm depth, whilst it decreased from 13.3 to 5.9% from 0 to 13 passes, respectively, within the 20-40 cm depth. It was realized that at less than two passes, the mean soil moisture retention within the 0-20 cm depth was less than the mean moisture retention within the 20-40 cm depth, but the converse happened for more than two passes. The study showed that mulching the soil surface helped to retain enough soil moisture during both the rainy and the dry seasons. Also, soil with high sand content required some sort of soil compaction in order to retain enough moisture at the crop rooting zone. l'humidité du sol de la profondeur 0-20 cm est inférieure à celle de la profondeur 20-40 cm, mais que le contraire est apparu pour plus de deux passages. L'étude montre que l'application du mulch sur la surface du sol aide à retenir suffisamment d'humidité du sol pendant les deux saisons, pluvieuse et sèche. De plus, le sol à forte teneur en sable nécessite une certaine compaction pour retenir suffisamment d'humidité dans la zone racinaire.

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“…Considerable research has been performed in attempts to develop soil compaction behaviour equations [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Others have also reported on effects of organic matter and tractor passes on compaction and yield of crops [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Shear Strength and Cone Penetration Resistance Behavior of Tropical Silt Loam Soil under Uni-Axial Compression

Manuwa¹,

Olaiya²

2012

OJSS

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Laboratory investigations were conducted to study strength characteristics of silt loam soil of Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria, under uni-axial compression tests. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of applied pressure and moisture content on strength indices such as bulk density, penetration resistance and shear strength of the soil and to develop relationships between the strength indices for predictive purposes necessary in soil management. The compression was carried out at different moisture contents determined according to the consistency limits of the soil. The applied pressure ranged from 75 to 600 kPa. Values of bulk density, penetration resistance and shear strength increased with increase in moisture content up to peak values after which the values decreased with further increase in moisture content. Regression models were used to describe the trends in the results for the soil. Results also showed that bulk density and soil strength normally regarded as indicators of soil quality are affected by moisture content and applied pressure and that these properties can be predicted using the models generated from the study.

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Soil compaction effects on maize production under various tillage methods in a derived Savannah zone of Nigeria

Cited by 13 publications

References 7 publications

Densidade, porosidade e resistência à penetração em Latossolo cultivado sob diferentes sistemas de preparo do solo

Densidade, porosidade e resistência à penetração em Latossolo cultivado sob diferentes sistemas de preparo do solo

Soil moisture dynamics in coastal savanna soils in the tropics under different soil management practices

Evaluation of Shear Strength and Cone Penetration Resistance Behavior of Tropical Silt Loam Soil under Uni-Axial Compression

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