Soil ecotoxicology in Brazil is taking its course

Niva, Cíntia Carla; Niemeyer, Júlia Carina; Júnior, Flávio Manoel Rodrigues da Silva; Nunes, Maria Edna Tenório; Sousa, Danilo Lourenço De; Aragão, Clara Wandenkolck Silva; Sautter, Klaus Dieter; Espíndola, Evaldo Luiz Gaeta; Sousa, José Paulo; Römbke, Jörg

doi:10.1007/s11356-016-6597-1

Cited by 45 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The enchytraeid species Fridericia peregrinabunda (Enchytraeidae), also found in Brazil, has been proposed as a new test species for soil toxicity assessment, based on acute tests with antimony (Sb) and cadmium (Cd) that revealed a higher sensitivity to Cd than for the earthworms E. andrei and Lumbricus terrestris . Furthermore, native species of Enchytraeus have been found and cultured in Latin America, showing potential to be used in ecotoxicity tests . With respect to sensitivity to soil contaminants of tropical species or tropical strains of temperate species compared with current temperate standard test species, a few available studies point to similar sensitivities .…”

Section: Why Focus On Soil Ecotoxicology In Latin America?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We also need the development of better exposure models for soils. For Latin American countries, there is a need to shift the assessment paradigm toward a more integrated approach embracing ecotoxicological and ecological parameters . The aim is to integrate soil protection and to ensure consideration of risk in the context of ecosystem services .…”

Section: Future Challenges and Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such studies are not discussed in the present review. Niva et al recently reviewed progress in soil ecotoxicology in Brazil from a historical point of view, as well as Brazilian soil quality and environmental risk assessment legislative initiatives. These themes are not addressed exhaustively in the present study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These themes are not addressed exhaustively in the present study. In addition to embracing a broader geographical area, the present review focuses on aspects not addressed by Niva et al , such as an in‐depth analysis of the use of native species in soil ecotoxicological testing. Also, a major difference between these contributions is the fact that Niva et al highlighted both the research groups active in soil toxicity and their research topics, based mainly on enquiries made only to Brazilian researchers, whereas the present review and its summary tables are based mainly on published material from Latin American countries, giving a wider view of ecotoxicological research and contamination issues in Brazil and beyond.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil ecotoxicology in Latin America: Current research and perspectives

Niemeyer

Chelinho

Sousa

2017

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Soils from some Latin American countries support the highest biodiversity levels on the planet and simultaneously have some of the most serious environmental impacts attributed to both historical and current agricultural practices and industrial activities. Soil contamination has resulted from intensive use of pesticides, extensive mining and other industrial activities, and uncontrolled management of waste within inappropriate regulatory frameworks. The present study presents an overview of the scientific research on soil ecotoxicology conducted in Latin America, summarizing the recent advances and highlighting the needs for further refinements in this research field. Most of the contributions to the scientific literature have been from Brazil. The most investigated issue is the ecotoxicity of pesticides and earthworms, which were the organisms most frequently used as test species. Needs identified by Latin American researchers include methods and procedures for: 1) identifying and collecting natural soils to be used as reference test-substrates in tests, 2) identifying and discerning the range of sensitivities of native test species to soil contaminants, 3) developing environmental guidelines applicable to tropical/subtropical conditions, and 4) developing methods and procedures for higher tier testing for full development and implementation of environmental risk assessment schemes. The protection of Latin American soils, including provision of goods and services, is currently framed in legislation and other regulations, but implementation requires significant improvement and additional training programs. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:1795-1810. © 2017 SETAC.

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Section: Why Focus On Soil Ecotoxicology In Latin America?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Future Challenges and Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil ecotoxicology in Latin America: Current research and perspectives

Niemeyer

Chelinho

Sousa

2017

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…Surely, such modifications should be investigated more intensively. Enchytraeids are potentially affected by pesticides world-wide, but so far these organisms have been neglected in most parts of the world, with the notable exception of Brazil (Niva et al, 2016). Therefore, considering their key roles in soils, laboratory, semi-field, and field studies are urgently needed in most parts of the world-of course only in those in which enchytraeids are abundant enough to be used as indicators (e.g., not in permanently dry regions).…”

Section: Knowledge Gaps and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Organic Pesticides on Enchytraeids (Oligochaeta) in Agroecosystems: Laboratory and Higher-Tier Tests

Römbke

Schmelz

Pelosi

2017

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Enchytraeidae (Oligochaeta, Annelida) are often considered to be typical forestliving organisms, but they are regularly found in agroecosystems of the temperate regions of the world. Although less known than their larger relatives, the earthworms, these saprophagous organisms play similar roles in agricultural soils (but at a smaller scale), e.g., influencing soil structure and organic matter dynamics via microbial communities, and having a central place in soil food webs. Their diversity is rarely studied or often underestimated due to difficulties in distinguishing the species. New genetic techniques reveal that even in anthropogenically highly influenced soils, more than 10 species per site can be found. Because of their close contact with the soil pore water, a high ingestion rate and a thin cuticle, they often react very sensitively to a broad range of pesticides. Firstly we provide a short overview of the diversity and abundance of enchytraeid communities in agroecosystems. Afterwards, we explore the available data on enchytraeid sensitivity toward pesticides at different levels of biological organization, focusing on pesticides used in (mainly) European agroecosystems. Starting with non-standardized studies on the effects of pesticides on the sub-individual level, we compile the results of standard laboratory tests performed following OECD and ISO guidelines as well as those of higher-tier studies (i.e., semi-field and field tests). The number of comparable test data is still limited, because tests with enchytraeids are not a regulatory requirement in the European Union. While focusing on the effects of pesticides, attention is also given to their interactions with environmental stressors (e.g., climate change). In conclusion, we recommend to increase the use of enchytraeids in pesticide risk assessment because of their diversity and functional importance as well as their increasingly simplified use in (mostly standardized) tests at all levels of biological organization.

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