Soil Genesis and Classification

Buol, S. W.; Southard, R. J.; Graham, Robert C.; McDaniel, P. A.

doi:10.1002/9780470960622

Cited by 528 publications

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“…However, in the case of the Pantanal, evidences of the avulsion process in the formation of horizons with increased clay content may be attenuated due to the intense biological activity, caused by vegetation, for instance, which often promote bioturbation of surface horizons (Buol et al, 2011) masking, hence, the evidences of abrupt changes in texture between the sediment deposits with the underlying horizons. Therefore, this issue should be further investigated with a focus on the formation of the B textural or Argic horizon, taking into account the influence of the depositional environments observed in the Pantanal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genesis of textural contrasts in subsurface soil horizons in the Northern Pantanal-Brazil

Nascimento

Furquim

Couto

et al. 2013

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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SUMMARYThe Pantanal region can be characterized as a quaternary floodplain with predominant sedimentation in the form of alluvial fans. In the geomorphologic and sedimentary evolution, the avulsion process is inherent to this depositional system and its dynamics, together with surface water floods, influence soil sedimentation on this plain. The knowledge and differentiation of these two events can contribute to a better understanding of the variability of soil properties and distribution under the influence of these sedimentation processes. Therefore, this study investigated the genesis of soils in the Northern Pantanal with textural contrasts in deeper horizons and their relationship with the depositional system dynamics. We analyzed four soil profiles in the region of Barão de Melgaço, Mato Grosso State, Brazil (RPPN SESC Pantanal). Two profiles were sampled near the Rio Cuiabá (AP1 and AP4) and two near the Rio São Lourenço (AP10 and AP11). In AP11, the horizons contrast in particle size between the profile basis and the surface. In AP1, AP4 and AP10, the horizons overlaying the sand layer have similar particle size properties, mainly in terms of sand distribution. In the first case, floods (surface water) seem to have originated the horizons and layers with contrasting texture. In the second case, avulsion is the most pronounced process. Therefore, the two modes can form soils with contrasting texture that are discriminable by soil morphology, based on the distinct features associated to the specific sedimentation processes.Index terms: alluvial soils, hydromorphic soils, fluvial deposition system, alluvial fans, avulsion.(

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genesis of textural contrasts in subsurface soil horizons in the Northern Pantanal-Brazil

Nascimento

Furquim

Couto

et al. 2013

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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“…A definição de solo pode variar segundo a formação e o interesse do profissional que o estuda. Buol et al (1997) definem solo como um corpo natural de minerais e matéria orgânica que mudam, ou mudaram, em resposta ao clima e aos organismos. Essas mudanças são denominadas pedogênese.…”

Section: Identificação De Paleossolosunclassified

Solos do passado: origem e identificação

Ladeira

2010

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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RESUMOSolos resultam da interação de fatores e processos operantes nas diferentes paisagens da superfície terrestre. Ao longo do tempo geológico, essas paisagens se modificam, bem como os perfis de solo a elas associados. Decorrentes de processos eólicos, hídricos, tectônicos, climáticos ou mesmo da atividade antrópica, essas mudanças remodelam a paisagem de forma gradual ou catastrófica e, geralmente, irreversível, destruindo os solos associados. Entretanto, determinadas situações permitem que os solos sejam originalmente preservados em áreas específicas dessa paisagem pretérita, incorporando-se a sequências sedimentares ou vulcânicas, gerando os denominados paleossolos. Estes fornecem informações e evidências valiosas em estudos de reconstituições paleoambientais, principalmente quando o registro fossilífero é raro ou inexistente, na caracterização de antigas atmosferas e paleoclimas, de correlações estratigráficas, como indicativo de antigas superfícies de relevo, de certas concentrações minerais, de paleoprocessos pedogenéticos, processos sedimentares, como indicativo de deriva continental, na geoarqueologia. No Brasil, pesquisas envolvendo paleossolos são ainda relativamente raras e recentes, cujo marco inicial data da década de 1970, ao passo que nos Estados Unidos e na Europa pesquisas em que os paleossolos constituem o cerne da investigação ou possuem papel de destaque estão bastante avançadas e disseminadas. Esta revisão trata dos conceitos básicos da paleopedologia, objetivando despertar o interesse, no meio científico pedológico, para esse tema ainda pouco explorado no País.

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“…Soils and paleosols reflect complex interplay between sedimentation, erosion, non-deposition and pedogenesis. Because soil is an open system that results from the interactions between factors (parent material, relief, time, climate and organisms) (Jenny 1994), and specific processes of formation (Buol et al 1997, Breemen & Buurman 2002, Resende et al 2002, one can infer its origin from top to bottom. Thus, it is possible to define the factors' conditions and the formation processes from the analysis of paleosols.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mineralogy of paleosols in the Marília Formation and their importance in the environmental evolution of the Maastrichtian of the Bauru Basin in southeastern Brazil

2017

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Soils and paleosols reflect the complex interplay between sedimentation, erosion and non-deposition. An analysis of the mineralogical components of paleosols is critical for the reconstitution of the factors, processes and environments in which they were formed. The recognition of mineralogical assemblages can reveal the environmental conditions during pedogenesis and through quantitative analysis it is possible to identify a vertical variation in mineral concentration or leaching over the paleosol profiles, indirectly pointing to environmental processes that dominated during the pedogenetic evolution. The objective of this study is to discuss the significance of mineral phases and to quantify the environmental evolution and degree of development of paleosols of the Marília Formation, Maastrichtian of Bauru Basin. Three sections have been described (A1, A2, A3) in the Marília Formation. The mineralogy was determined by x-ray diffraction, and mineral quantification was obtained through the Rietveld refinement method. The calcretes of the Marília Formation are pedogenic, mostly authigenic minerals. The variation of quartz, calcite, palygorskite and smectite, the micromorphology, and the diversity of subsurface horizons (Bkm, Btkm, Bt) indicate that the studied paleosols did develop in semi-arid conditions, with episodes of higher rainfall rates, humidity, leaching and desilication. KEYWORDS:Calcrete; Paleoclimate; Palygorskite; Pedogenesis; Upper Cretaceous. RESUMO: Solos e paleossolos refletem complexa inter-relação entre sedimentação, erosão e não-deposição. A análise dos constituintes mineralógi-cos de paleossolos é fundamental para a reconstituição dos fatores, processos e ambientes no qual esses se formaram. O reconhecimento de determinadas assembléias mineralógicas podem revelar as condições ambientais durante a pedogênese e através da análise quantitativa se torna possível constatar variação vertical ao longo dos perfis de paleossolos, identificando

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Soil Genesis and Classification

Cited by 528 publications

References 0 publications

Genesis of textural contrasts in subsurface soil horizons in the Northern Pantanal-Brazil

Genesis of textural contrasts in subsurface soil horizons in the Northern Pantanal-Brazil

Solos do passado: origem e identificação

The mineralogy of paleosols in the Marília Formation and their importance in the environmental evolution of the Maastrichtian of the Bauru Basin in southeastern Brazil

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