Soil quality attributes as influenced by annual legumes used as green manure

Biederbeck, V. O.; Campbell, Carol; Rasiah, V.; Zentner, R. P.; Geyi, Wen

doi:10.1016/s0038-0717(97)00150-8

Cited by 91 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…It is also notable that the CW system studied in Biederbeck et al (1994) had been in place for 12 years longer than their lentil-wheat rotation, which was also previously a CW system. Biederbeck et al (1994Biederbeck et al ( , 1998 found that legume rotations, along with a CW system, had higher SOC and TN than a F-W rotation, and in one study (1994) observed positive correlations similar to ours between PMC and SOC, and PMN and TN. PMN and PMC only represent a fraction of SOM, but higher amounts of PMC and PMN in Legume systems compared to Wheat systems indicate a relative accumulation of these fractions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Their CW system was the only system that supported higher MB-C (to 7.5 cm); it also had higher mineralizable C and N in the top 7.5 cm than the lentilwheat rotation. Measurements of mineralizable C and N reported in Biederbeck et al (1994Biederbeck et al ( , 1998 were from 30 and 112-day incubations, respectively, whereas results from our study indicated that mineralizable C and N measured after *30 and 112 days, respectively, can differ from ultimate measurements (i.e., an asymptote). For example, despite indications that our CW system had higher mineralizable C and N than F-W earlier in the incubation (Table 3), the PMN and PMC asymptotes did not differ between CW and F-W (Table 4).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

“…The SIR method we used to estimate MB-C may not detect slow-responding fungal MB-C fractions as well as the fumigationextraction method (Wallenstein et al 2006) used by Biederbeck et al (2005). As a group, Legume systems supported higher MB-C in our study, but our LGM-W system alone did not differ from F-W as it did in the Biederbeck et al (1994Biederbeck et al ( , 1998Biederbeck et al ( , 2005 studies. Our LGM-W system may not have supported higher MB-C or WAS because peas were harvested as hay for the first three, and consequently did not increase residues returned to soils compared to F-W. Our observations support this possibility because the higher residueproducing P-W system was the Legume system that individually had higher MB-C than both Wheat systems, and because our evidence suggests that higher residue returns to soils in High Intensity systems supported higher WAS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…These treatment effects on soil parameters were similar to those observed in tillage-managed studies from the Canadian region of the northern Great Plains. In two six-year studies in Saskatchewan, mineralizable C and N, MB-C, and WAS (to 10 cm) were higher in LGM-W rotations (including a pea green manure) than in a F-W rotation (Biederbeck et al 1998(Biederbeck et al , 2005. Mineralizable C, MB-C, and WAS in a CW system in these studies also were higher than F-W, although effects were often less than from LGM-W systems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

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Legume, cropping intensity, and N-fertilization effects on soil attributes and processes from an eight-year-old semiarid wheat system

O'Dea

Jones

Zabinski

et al. 2015

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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In the North American northern Great Plains (NGP), legumes are promising summer fallow replacement/cropping intensification options that may decrease dependence on nitrogen (N) fertilizer in small grain systems and mitigate effects of soil organic matter (SOM) losses from summer fallow. Benefits may not be realized immediately in semiarid conditions though, and longer-term effects of legumes and intensified cropping in this region are unclear, particularly in no-till systems. We compared effects of four no-till wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cropping systems-summer fallow-wheat (F-W), continuous wheat (CW), legume green manure (pea, Pisum sativum L.)-wheat (LGM-W), and pea-wheat (P-W)-on select soil attributes in an 8-year-old rotation study, and N fertilizer effects on C and N mineralization on a duplicate soil set in a laboratory experiment. We analyzed potentially mineralizable carbon and nitrogen (PMC and PMN) and mineralization trends with a nonlinear model, microbial biomass carbon (MB-C), and wet aggregate stability (WAS). Legume-containing systems generally resulted in higher PMC, PMN, and MB-C, while intensified systems (CW and P-W) had higher WAS. Half-lives of PMC were shortest in intensified systems, and were longest in legume systems (LGM-W and P-W) for PMN. Nitrogen addition depressed C and N mineralization, particularly in CW, and generally shortened the half-life of mineralizable C. Legumes may increase long-term, no-till NGP agroecosystem resilience and sustainability by (1) increasing the available N-supply (*26-50 %) compared to wheatonly systems, thereby reducing the need for N fertilizer for subsequent crops, and (2) by potentially mitigating negative effects of SOM loss from summer fallow.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

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Legume, cropping intensity, and N-fertilization effects on soil attributes and processes from an eight-year-old semiarid wheat system

O'Dea

Jones

Zabinski

et al. 2015

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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“…Seus múltiplos efeitos têm sido constatados na proteção do solo, mediante a redução das perdas por erosão, o que proporciona ganho de matéria orgânica, aumento da capacidade de troca catiônica e da reciclagem dos nutrientes das camadas mais profundas para a superfície, e ameniza os problemas de compactação por meio da redução da densidade global, de controle de nematóides e de plantas concorrentes, pela cobertura do solo, e pela alelopatia (Mojtahedi et al, 1993;Amabile et al, 1994;Stampford et al, 1994;De-Polli et al, 1996;Nelson & King, 1996;Biederbeck et al, 1998;Alcântara et al, 2000;Amabile et al, 2000;Favaretto et al, 2000;Jacobi & Fleck, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Comportamento de adubos verdes de inverno na região serrana fluminense

Barradas

Freire

Almeida

et al. 2001

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de avaliar o comportamento de espécies de adubos verdes de inverno, em um Cambissolo Háplico Tb distrófico, sob duas condições de fertilidade, a 1.100 m de altitude. Dois experimentos de campo foram conduzidos em Nova Friburgo, RJ, utilizando as seguintes espécies: aveia-preta (Avena strigosa Schieb.), azevém-anual (Lollium multiflorum Lam.), chícharo (Lathyrus sativus L.), ervilhaca-comum (Vicia sativa L.), ervilhaca-peluda (Vicia villosa Roth), utilizada somente no segundo experimento, serradela-flor-rosa (Ornithopus sativus Brot.), tremoço-amarelo (Lupinus luteus L.), tremoço-branco cultivar Comum (Lupinus albus L.), tremoço-branco cultivar Multo Lupa Doce (Lupinus albus L.), tremoço-branco cultivar TRM 881 (Lupinus albus L.), trevobranco (Trifolium repens L.), trevo-vermelho cultivar Achylesmarium (Trifolium pratense L.), e trevovesiculoso cultivar Jacuí 52 (Trifolium vesiculosum Savi). O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, com três repetições. As espécies que mais se destacaram na produção de massa seca e acumulação de N na parte aérea, sob condições de boa fertilidade no solo, foram as três cultivares de tremoço-branco, o tremoço-amarelo, a ervilhaca-comum e a aveia-preta. Sob condições de baixo teor de P, Ca e Mg no solo, as que mais se destacaram foram as três cultivares de tremoço-branco e a aveia-preta.Termos para indexação: adubos orgânicos, fitomassa, nutrição da planta, nitrogênio, relação plantasolo.Behaviour of temperate green manure species in a mountain region of the Rio de Janeiro State, BrazilAbstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the behaviour of temperate green manure species in an Inceptisol with two different fertility levels, in an area of high elevation (1,100 m). Two field experiments were carried out in Nova Friburgo County, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, with the following species: Avena strigosa Schieb., Lollium multiflorum Lam., Lathyrus sativus L., Vicia sativa L., Vicia villosa Roth, used in the 2 nd experiment only, Ornithopus sativus Brot., Lupinus luteus L., Lupinus albus L. cv. Comum, cv. Multo Lupa Doce and cv. TRM 881, Trifolium repens L., Trifolium pratense L. cv. Achylesmarium and Trifolium vesiculosum Savi cv. Jacuí 52. The experimental design used was a randomized complete block design, with three replications. The species of best performance in relation to the above ground dry matter and total N on a soil with good fertility were L. albus (for all three cultivars used), L. luteus, V. sativa and A. strigosa. On a soil with low P, Ca and Mg, the best plant performances for above ground dry matter and total N were L. albus (all three cultivars) and A. strigosa.Index terms: organic fertilizers, phytomass, plant nutrition, nitrogen, plant soil relations.(1) Aceito para publicação em 16 de novembro de 2000. IntroduçãoA adubação verde é uma prática importante na melhoria das condições químicas, físicas e biológi-cas do solo. Seus múltiplos efeitos têm sido constatados na proteção do solo, mediante a redução das ...

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Introducing grazeable cover crops to the winter wheat systems in Oklahoma

et al. 2020

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Fields are typically kept fallow after winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain harvest in the U.S. southern Great Plains (SGP). Introducing summer cover crops to the system could increase soil conservation and farm profitability if grazed. The objective of this research was to evaluate cover crops' forage yield, residue cover potential, weed suppression, and effect on wheat production. Monocultures and grass-legume mixtures of cover crops were established in mid-June of 2016 and 2017 near Chickasha and Perkins, OK. At 6 weeks after planting (WAP), three cutting regimes based on stubble height were used: severe (2.5 cm), recommended (legumes: 7.5 cm, grasses and mixtures: 15 cm), and no cutting. Cover crops regrowth was chemically terminated at 14 WAP; winter wheat was no-till seeded in mid-October; then harvested in early-June 2017 and 2018. Cultivar Triple Treat sorghum−sudangrass [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench × S. bicolor var. sudanese] and grass−legume mixtures showed the greatest available forage dry matter. Grasses and grass−legume mixtures had greater forage dry matter residue and weed suppression than legumes. Results indicated that exceeding 6.4 ± 1.2 Mg ha −1 of total dry matter (TDM) produced during the summer, a wheat grain yield penalty of −50.1 ± 15.8 kg ha −1 resulted for each increment of 1.0 Mg ha −1 of TDM produced. Also, a wheat protein content penalty of −1.9 ± 0.5 kg ha −1 resulted in each increment of 1.0 Mg ha −1 of TDM produced when exceeding to 5.7 ± 1.0 Mg ha −1 TDM threshold. Findings suggest N uptake by high-biomass grasses and mixtures might result in deficient water and N availability for wheat production.

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Soil quality attributes as influenced by annual legumes used as green manure

Cited by 91 publications

References 33 publications

Legume, cropping intensity, and N-fertilization effects on soil attributes and processes from an eight-year-old semiarid wheat system

Legume, cropping intensity, and N-fertilization effects on soil attributes and processes from an eight-year-old semiarid wheat system

Comportamento de adubos verdes de inverno na região serrana fluminense

Introducing grazeable cover crops to the winter wheat systems in Oklahoma

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