Soil Salinity and Its Management

Yuvaraj, M.; Bose, Kasiviswanathan Subash Chandra; Elavarasi, Prabakaran; Tawfik, Eman A.

doi:10.5772/intechopen.93329

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…According to one study, the total area of saline-alkali land in China has reached 99.13 million hm 2 ( Zhang & Wang, 2021 ), including many tidal flats. This is likely to increase as seawater intrusion leads to severe soil salinization ( Yuvaraj et al, 2021 ). Salinity stress has significantly inhibited both ecological balance of the area and crop yield.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of prohexadione calcium spraying during the booting stage on panicle traits, yield, and related physiological characteristics of rice under salt stress

Huang

Zheng

Feng

et al. 2023

PeerJ

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Prohexadione calcium (Pro-Ca), as a growth retardant, can effectively alleviate the damage of salt stress to plants. In order to explore the effects of NaCl stress on the physiological characteristics and panicle traits of rice plants as well as the alleviating effect of Pro-Ca at the booting stage, we performed pot experiments on two rice cultivars: conventional rice ‘Huanghuazhan’ and hybrid rice ‘Xiangliangyou900’. Rice plants were treated with 0.3% NaCl 48 hours after Pro-Ca (100 mg L−1) treatment to study the effects of Pro-Ca on the physiological characteristics of the leaves and panicles, as well as the panicle and yield traits of rice under salt stress. Our analysis indicated that NaCl treatment inhibited the morphological growth parameters and photosynthetic efficiency, destroyed the antioxidant defense systems of leaves and panicles, increased soluble protein and proline in both rice cultivars. Foliar application of Pro-Ca significantly increased the leaf area, uppermost internode length, panicle length, panicle weight, number of primary branches, number of grains per panicle, seed setting rate and yield under salt stress. Pro-Ca application significantly affected chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (Tr), and apparent mesophyll conductance (AMC) in NaCl-treated rice cultivars compared with NaCl treatment alone. Moreover, Pro-Ca also increased ascorbic acid (AsA) content, enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity, and further increased the accumulation of soluble protein and proline in leaves and panicles. These results illustrated that foliar application of Pro-Ca at the booting stage could alleviate the damage caused by NaCl stress by regulating the physiological and metabolic processes of rice plants, thereby enhancing the stress resistance of the plants, increasing total rice yield in salt stress conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of prohexadione calcium spraying during the booting stage on panicle traits, yield, and related physiological characteristics of rice under salt stress

Huang

Zheng

Feng

et al. 2023

PeerJ

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“…According to the USDA (2014) , soil EC indicates the amount of salt in the soil, and an EC value greater than 2.0 mS cm −1 may affect crop growth and yield. In the present study, the EC value ranged from 0.28–0.37 mS cm −1 , indicating that these values did not influence root growth or crop yield ( Yuvaraj et al, 2021 ). The TN content was also unaffected by the age of the raised beds ( Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 45%

Effects of the age of raised beds on the physicochemical characteristics of fruit orchard soil in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta

Dang,

Hung

2023

PeerJ

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To grow fruit plants, farmers in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD) must use raised bed constructions to avoid waterlogging during the rainy season. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the age of the raised beds on the soil physicochemical properties of longan orchards located in the VMD. Two raised bed systems were evaluated: a young bed constructed 10 years ago and an old bed constructed 42 years ago. Soil samples were collected from five different soil layers (0–20, 20–40, 40–60, 60–80, and 80–100 cm) with four replicates per layer. Soil samples were tested for pH, electrical conductivity (EC), available phosphorus (AP), total nitrogen (TN), soil organic matter (SOM), exchangeable cations (Ca2+, K+, Mg2+, and Na+), cation exchange capacity (CEC), bulk density (BD), soil porosity, available water-holding capacity (AWC), particle composition (sand, silt, and clay), and size. The soil pH was approximately 1.0 units lower in the old bed compared to the young bed at depths of 0–20 and 20–40 cm. The BD was higher in the old bed (0.15 g cm−3) than in the young bed at a soil depth of 0.4 m. SOM, AP, exchangeable cations (Ca2+, Na+, and Mg2+), AWC, and soil porosity were significantly lower in both the topsoil (0–20 cm) and subsoil (20–40 cm) layers in the old bed than in the young bed. In particular, the SOM, AP, AWC, and soil porosity contents in the old bed decreased by 18%, 20%, 15%, and 17%, respectively, compared with those in the young bed at soil depths of 0–40 cm. Therefore, cultivating raised bed soil for a longer period significantly reduced the soil exchangeable cations, porosity, and fertility of the surface and subsurface soils. Based on these results, farmers should use soil conservation practices, such as cover crops, rice straw mulching, and soil amendments in their orchards to mitigate topsoil degradation.

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“…Based on Sabareshwari and Ramya. ( 2018): Yuvaraj et al, 2021), SAR is used to estimate water quality, n amely the concentration of Na, Ca and Mg ions in one liter of solution. According to Brusseau et al, (2019) if the SAR value is less than 10, this means that the water can be used for irrigation becau se it has lo w sodium con tent.…”

Section: Study On Salinity Reduction and Changes In Chemical Properti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Salinity Reduction and Changes in Chemical Properties in Saline Soil

Purbajanti¹,

Kusmiyati²

2023

ASD

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Background: The aim of the work was to evaluate the effects of different treatments viz manure as organic amendments, gypsum as amendments and nitrogen resources on salinity of saline soil. Methods: The research was conducted using a 2×4×3 factorial design. The first factor was manure (non-manure and manure), the second factor was the addition of gypsum, @ 0, 0.75, 1.5 and 3.0 ton ha-1) and third factor was source of nitrogen i.e. without N, nitrate and ammonium fertilizer. These three factors were repeated 3 times. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance followed by the Duncan multiple range test for comparisons among means with a significance level of 5%. Result: This research markedly reduced pH, EC, Na and markedly increased sulfate, K content. But CEC, SAR, ESP, total N, nitrate, ammonium were not significant. The highest Ca content was in the 1.5 tons ha-1 gypsum treatment and non manure. Meanwhile, in the interaction between gypsum and N resources, the highest Mg content was 3 tons ha-1 of gypsum and nitrate.

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Soil Salinity and Its Management

Cited by 13 publications

References 25 publications

Effects of prohexadione calcium spraying during the booting stage on panicle traits, yield, and related physiological characteristics of rice under salt stress

Effects of prohexadione calcium spraying during the booting stage on panicle traits, yield, and related physiological characteristics of rice under salt stress

Effects of the age of raised beds on the physicochemical characteristics of fruit orchard soil in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta

Study on Salinity Reduction and Changes in Chemical Properties in Saline Soil

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