Soil-structure interaction: A state-of-the-art review of modeling techniques and studies on seismic response of building structures

Abstract

The present article aims to provide an overview of the consequences of dynamic soil-structure interaction (SSI) on building structures and the available modelling techniques to resolve SSI problems. The role of SSI has been traditionally considered beneficial to the response of structures. However, contemporary studies and evidence from past earthquakes showed detrimental effects of SSI in certain conditions. An overview of the related investigations and findings is presented and discussed in this article. Additionally, the main approaches to evaluate seismic soil-structure interaction problems with the commonly used modelling techniques and computational methods are highlighted. The strength, limitations, and application cases of each model are also discussed and compared. Moreover, the role of SSI in various design codes and global guidelines is summarized. Finally, the advancements and recent findings on the SSI effects on the seismic response of buildings with different structural systems and foundation types are presented. In addition, with the aim of helping new researchers to improve previous findings, the research gaps and future research tendencies in the SSI field are pointed out.

Settlement Analysis of Concrete-Walled Buildings Using Soil–Structure Interactions and Finite Element Modeling

“…This software provides a valuable tool for analyzing the behavior of the soil-structure system during construction. Bapir et al [8] proposed an integrated approach involving the combination of in situ settlement sensors with a 3D finite element (FE) SSI analysis. The authors presented a case study of a high-rise concrete-walled building, demonstrating the effectiveness of their method in capturing settlement patterns and evaluating soil-structure interaction effects.…”

A review of graphical user interfaces of OpenSees software framework

“…The same features were also provided in MSBridge to facilitate the nonlinear modeling and analysis of bridges. The effect of SSI can be considered using the sub-structure method by modeling the soil springs and choosing the built-in soil materials (Bapir et al, 2023). Furthermore, the transient analysis can be done by importing multiple ground motions.…”

Effect of modeling assumptions on predicting seismic responses of a three‐story reinforced concrete shear wall structure

“…In Model 3, viscous dashpots were used at the DOFs where foundation springs were modeled. Similar techniques are often employed in modeling soil‐foundation interaction, where dashpots are used to capture the energy dissipation due to foundation rocking or radiation damping 33 . The dashpot coefficient $${c_{dashpot}}$$ was calculated using Equation () where $${K_{spring}}$$ denotes the foundation spring stiffness presented earlier.…”

“…Similar techniques are often employed in modeling soil-foundation interaction, where dashpots are used to capture the energy dissipation due to foundation rocking or radiation damping. 33 The dashpot coefficient 𝑐 𝑑𝑎𝑠ℎ𝑝𝑜𝑡 was calculated using Equation (8) where 𝐾 𝑠𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 denotes the foundation spring stiffness presented earlier.…”