Solar Cycles in Salvage Logging: National Data from the Czech Republic Confirm Significant Correlation

Šimůnek, Václav; Vacek, Zdeněk; Vacek, Stanislav

doi:10.3390/f11090973

Cited by 25 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…Our results also showed that 15 of the 18 NPY were observed in the second half of the second part of the studied period. An increasing number of NPY during the time may be caused by an increasing number of extreme climatic events in ongoing climate change [80,86,87].…”

Section: Different Growth Conditions Of European Beech In Central Europe and The Southern Apenninesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is a study that describes a possible association of low sunspot activity with climatically cold periods on the Earth [32]. Solar cycles do not affect temperatures and precipitation directly, and it has been shown that solar activity is not imprinted on these factors entirely [86,96]. The total contribution of solar activity to variations in the Earth's global temperature and climate is insignificant but not negligible [97].…”

Section: Solar Cycles Climate Change and The Possible Link To European Beechmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tree Rings of European Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) Indicate the Relationship with Solar Cycles during Climate Change in Central and Southern Europe

Šimůnek

Vacek

et al. 2021

Forests

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The impact of solar cycles on forest stands, while important in the development of the forest environment during climate change, has not yet been sufficiently researched. This work evaluates the radial growth of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) in the mountain areas of southern Italy and central Europe (Czech Republic, Poland) in correlation to solar cycles (sunspot number), extreme climatic events, air temperatures and precipitation totals. This research is focused on the evaluation of the radial growth of beech (140 dendrochronological samples with 90–247 years of age) from 1900 to 2019. The time span was divided into the following three periods: 1) a period of regular harvesting (1900–1969), 2) a period of air pollution crisis (1970–1985) and 3) a period of forest protection (1986–2019). The results indicate that the solar cycle was significantly involved in radial growth on all research plots. With regard to the evaluated precipitation totals, seasonal temperatures and the sunspot number, the latter was the most significant. Temperatures had a positive effect and precipitation had a negative effect on the radial increment of beech in central Europe, while in southern Italy, the effect of temperature and precipitation on the increment is reversed. In general, the limiting factor for beech growth is the lack of precipitation during the vegetation season. The number of negative pointer years (NPY) with an extremely low increment rose in relation to the decreasing southward latitude and the increasing influence of climate change over time, while a higher number of NPY was found in nutrient-richer habitats compared to nutrient-poorer ones. Precipitation and temperature were also reflected in the cyclical radial growth of European beech. The relationship between solar cycles and the tree ring increment was reversed in southern Italy and central Europe in the second and third (1970–2019) time periods. In the first time period (1900–1969), there was a positive relationship of the increment to solar cycles on all research plots. In the tree rings of European beech from southern Italy and central Europe, a relationship to the 11-year solar cycle has been documented. This study will attempt to describe the differences in beech growth within Europe, and also to educate forest managers about the relevant influence of solar cycles. Solar activity can play an important role in the growth of European beech in central and southern Europe, especially during the recent years of global climate change.

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Section: Different Growth Conditions Of European Beech In Central Europe and The Southern Apenninesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Solar Cycles Climate Change and The Possible Link To European Beechmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tree Rings of European Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) Indicate the Relationship with Solar Cycles during Climate Change in Central and Southern Europe

Šimůnek

Vacek

et al. 2021

Forests

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“…Finally, climate change -in particular heatwaves, long-term droughts, extreme events, secondary pests -are significant threats to forest production and stability (Rößiger et al 2019;Vacek et al 2019Vacek et al , 2020Šimůnek et al 2020;Hájek et al 2021;D'Andrea et al 2022). Pinus contorta is susceptible to the synergism of extreme temperatures combined with high precipitation variability or low precipitation during the vegetation season, primarily during May-July (Lo et al 2010;Vacek et al 2021).…”

Section: Risks Predators and Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pinus contorta Douglas ex Loudon and climate change: A literature review of opportunities, challenges, and risks in European forests

Vacek¹,

Vacek²,

Cukor³

et al. 2022

J. For. Sci.

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Lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Douglas ex Loudon) was distributed from its natural range in western North America to different destinations, primarily to Europe (Scandinavia, British Islands), South America (Chile, Argentina), and New Zealand. It is used for its superior timber production and resistance to environmental conditions. This literature review paper consists of 150 references and presents a summary of research results dealing with the lodgepole pine potential in general with a specific focus on Europe from 1910 to 2022. It summarizes the importance, taxonomy, biological and ecological characteristics, site requirements, production and silviculture, risks and pests, as well as the potential of this tree species for forestry and the wood industry in relation to global climate change. Pinus contorta also has a considerable potential in Central Europe, especially at extreme sites with strong anthropogenic impact and in polluted regions. This tree species is very resistant to climatic factors and extreme events compared to other coniferous tree species. Moreover, its annual increment reached from 3 m3·ha−1·yr−1 on reclamation sites to 18 m3·ha−1·yr−1 in favourable environmental conditions. On the other hand, caution must be taken for possible invasive behaviour outside its natural range. Its importance can increase with ongoing climate change and the decline of native tree species.

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“…This fluctuating dynamic represents a significant challenge for maintaining the resilience of these ecosystems, especially in the case of the large-scale dieback of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) in Central Europe [11,12]. Therefore, the stabilization of forest ecosystems goes hand in hand with a sustainable and stable timber market and is one of the most important aims for forest management practices in future decades.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Possibility of Using Non-Native Spruces for Norway Spruce Wood Replacement—A Case Study from the Czech Republic

Zeidler,

Borůvka,

Brabec

et al. 2024

Forests

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European forests are facing ongoing climate change, and certain tree species are being critically impacted. The Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) is one of the most sensitive species to climate fluctuations, a fact manifesting itself through massive dieback resulting in a lack of high-quality timber and timber market destabilization. Therefore, the possibility of wood substitution with non-native spruce species, namely, black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) Britt., Sterns, et Poggenburg), Serbian spruce (Picea omorika (Pančić) Purk.), and blue spruce (Picea pungens Engelm.), under the specific conditions of forest reclamations with great potential for future afforestation was tested. Wood density, modulus of rupture, and modulus of elasticity were used to evaluate wood quality in comparison with native Norway spruce. The results confirmed that only the Serbian spruce reached the quality of Norway spruce and even exceeded it in terms of wood density (P. omorika 525 kg·m−3 vs. P. abies 517 kg·m−3) and exhibited comparable parameters with regard to other properties. The density of the other species was significantly lower for blue spruce (476 kg·m−3) and black spruce (468 kg·m−3). A similar trend was found for other wood parameters, which confirmed that Norway spruce quality was nearly comparable with that of Serbian spruce. On the other hand, black spruce and blue spruce did not match the quality of Norway spruce. The within-stem variability of the properties tested was low for all the spruce species examined. In conclusion, the Serbian spruce showed great potential for future usage in forest management and is one of the possible methods of Norway spruce replacement in times of unprecedented forest disturbances under the effects of global climate change.

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Solar Cycles in Salvage Logging: National Data from the Czech Republic Confirm Significant Correlation

Cited by 25 publications

References 118 publications

Tree Rings of European Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) Indicate the Relationship with Solar Cycles during Climate Change in Central and Southern Europe

Tree Rings of European Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) Indicate the Relationship with Solar Cycles during Climate Change in Central and Southern Europe

Pinus contorta Douglas ex Loudon and climate change: A literature review of opportunities, challenges, and risks in European forests

The Possibility of Using Non-Native Spruces for Norway Spruce Wood Replacement—A Case Study from the Czech Republic

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