Solar Hydrogen Production Using Carbon Quantum Dots and a Molecular Nickel Catalyst

Martindale, Benjamin; Hutton, Georgina A. M.; Caputo, Christine A.; Reisner, Erwin

doi:10.1021/jacs.5b01650

Cited by 558 publications

(480 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Quantum‐sized carbon dot is considered as a promising alternative to semiconductor quantum dots in various applications on account of its unique physicochemical characteristics 15. Nevertheless, the low‐yield, complicated, and expensive synthesis route largely hinder the practical application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large‐Area Carbon Nanosheets Doped with Phosphorus: A High‐Performance Anode Material for Sodium‐Ion Batteries

et al. 2016

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Large‐area phosphorus‐doped carbon nanosheets (P‐CNSs) are first obtained from carbon dots (CDs) through self‐assembly driving from thermal treatment with Na catalysis. This is the first time to realize the conversion from 0D CDs to 2D nanosheets doped with phosphorus. The sodium storage behavior of phosphorus‐doped carbon material is also investigated for the first time. As anode material for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs), P‐CNSs exhibit superb performances for electrochemical storage of sodium. When cycled at 0.1 A g−1, the P‐CNSs electrode delivers a high reversible capacity of 328 mAh g−1, even at a high current density of 20 A g−1, a considerable capacity of 108 mAh g−1 can still be maintained. Besides, this material also shows excellent cycling stability, at a current density of 5 A g−1, the reversible capacity can still reach 149 mAh g−1 after 5000 cycles. This work will provide significant value for the development of both carbon materials and SIBs anode materials.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large‐Area Carbon Nanosheets Doped with Phosphorus: A High‐Performance Anode Material for Sodium‐Ion Batteries

et al. 2016

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Polymeric carbon nitride (CN), initially reported by Berzelius and Liebig in 1834, has been found to be a stable organic photocatalyst for the photoredox splitting of water (half-reactions with suitable sacrificial reagents). 13,14 The basic sub-unit would be either triazine or heptazine or even both interconnected through NH-bridges, resulting from the polycondensation of precursors such as dicyandiamide, cyanuric acid, melamine, and urea, with continuous elimination of NH 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dendritic Tip-on Polytriazine-Based Carbon Nitride Photocatalyst with High Hydrogen Evolution Activity

Bhunia¹,

Melissen

Parida³

et al. 2015

Chem. Mater.

144

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Developing stable, ubiquitous and efficient water-splitting photocatalyst material that has extensive absorption in the visible-light range is desired for a sustainable solar energy-conversion device. We herein report a triazine-based carbon nitride (CN) material with different C/N ratios achieved by varying the monomer composition ratio between melamine (Mel) and 2,4,6-triaminopyrimidine (TAP). The CN material with a different C/N ratio was obtained through a two-step synthesis protocol: starting with the solution state dispersion of the monomers via hydrogen-bonding supramolecular aggregate, followed by a salt-melt high temperature polycondensation. This protocol ensures the production of a highly crystalline polytriazine imide (PTI) structure consisting of a copolymerized Mel-TAP network. The observed bandgap narrowing with an increasing TAP/Mel ratio is well simulated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations, revealing a negative shift in the valence band upon substitution of N with CH in the aromatic rings. Increasing the TAP amount could not maintain the crystalline PTI structure, consistent with DFT calculation showing the repulsion associated with additional C-H introduced in the aromatic rings. Due to the high exciton binding energy calculated by DFT for the obtained CN, the cocatalyst must be close to any portion of the material to assist the separation of excited charge carriers for an improved photocatalytic performance. The photocatalytic activity was improved by providing a dendritic tipon-like shape grown on a porous fibrous silica KCC-1 spheres, and highly dispersed Pt nanoparticles (<5 nm) were photodeposited to introduce heterojunction. As a result, the Pt/CN/KCC-1 photocatalyst exhibited an apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) as high as 22.1 ± 3% at 400 nm and the silica was also beneficial for improving photocatalytic stability. The results obtained by time-resolved transient absorption spectroscopy measurements were consistent with the improved photocatalytic activity with the slowest carrier recombination for the optimized CN photocatalyst.

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“…It is easy to produce, cheap, nontoxic, green, stable, and abundant [1,58,59]. Additionally, it displays strong blue photoluminescence and good optical absorption in the UV and near-visible region [60]. Futhermore, CQDs exhibit upconversion photoluminescence properties [19,[61][62][63] and exhibit promising electron transfer properties [64,65].…”

Section: Visible-light Photocatalysis Of Carbon-based Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Carbon quantum dots have also been applied as visible-light photosensitizer for non-noble metal H 2 -evolution catalyst [24,60,68]. Martindale et al used CQDs as a photosensitizer to energize a nickel-based molecular catalyst, Ni-bis-(diphosphine) (NiP) to produce H 2 under visible-light irradiation [24,60].…”

Section: Visible-light Photocatalysis Of Carbon-based Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

CQD-Based Composites as Visible-Light Active Photocatalysts for Purification of Water

Makama¹,

Umar²,

AbdulkadirSaidu³

2018

Visible-Light Photocatalysis of Carbon-Based Materials

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The unique physicochemical properties of carbon quantum dot-(CQD)-based photocatalysts, notably their exceptionally good light absorption in the UV and near-visible region, tunable photoluminescence, extraordinary upconversion photoluminescence, outstanding electron affinity, and photoinduced electron transfer, and electron mobility, have attracted considerable attention in different photocatalytic applications. In this review, we summarized the fundamental mechanism and thermodynamics of heterogeneous photocatalysis of aqueous pollutants and the fundamental multifaceted roles of CQDs in photoredox process. Furthermore, we discussed the recent developments in the use of CQD-based materials as visiblelight active photocatalysts in water purification. Finally, the challenges and future direction of CQD-based materials as photocatalytic materials for environmental decontamination were highlighted.

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Solar Hydrogen Production Using Carbon Quantum Dots and a Molecular Nickel Catalyst

Cited by 558 publications

References 59 publications

Large‐Area Carbon Nanosheets Doped with Phosphorus: A High‐Performance Anode Material for Sodium‐Ion Batteries

Large‐Area Carbon Nanosheets Doped with Phosphorus: A High‐Performance Anode Material for Sodium‐Ion Batteries

Dendritic Tip-on Polytriazine-Based Carbon Nitride Photocatalyst with High Hydrogen Evolution Activity

CQD-Based Composites as Visible-Light Active Photocatalysts for Purification of Water

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