Solar resource assessment study for Pakistan

Stökler, Steffen; Schillings, Christoph; Kraas, Birk

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.298

Cited by 84 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…This silicon module is installed outdoors, along with a CMP21 ISO secondary-standard pyranometer manufactured by Kipp and Zonen. Recent CMP21 applications to estimate diffuse and global horizontal irradiation can be found in [57]. Both signals, the encapsulated polycrystalline silicon module monitored by the Arduino and the pyranometer voltage outputs measured using an Agilent 34401A digital multimeter, were simultaneously and accordingly collected.…”

Section: Hardware Solution: Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PV Module Monitoring System Based on Low-Cost Solutions: Wireless Raspberry Application and Assessment

Paredes-Parra¹,

Mateo-Aroca

Silvente-Niñirola

et al. 2018

Energies

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The integration of renewables into power systems has led to multiple studies and analysis in terms of grid-power quality, reliability, and/or feasibility. Among different resources to be considered as alternative energy systems, wind and solar emerge as the most mature technologies. With regard to photovoltaic (PV) installations, monitoring problems requires detailed analysis, since solar-radiation fluctuations, soiling on solar panels, or deficiency of PV-panel performance can involve unexpected power-output oscillations and, subsequently, undesirable power-generation oscillations. Under this framework, this paper describes and assesses a wireless low-cost PV-module monitoring system based on open-source solutions. Our proposal allows us to monitor installations at the PV-module level, giving detailed information regarding PV power-plant performance. The proposed monitoring system is based on the IEC-61724 standard requirements, as a flexible and ad hoc solution with relevant connectivity options. Meteorological and electrical data are collected from the developed nodes and available for subsequent analysis. Detailed information of the solution, as well as extensive results collected in Spanish PV power plants connected to the grid, are also included in the paper. Energies 2018, 11, 3051 2 of 20Best et al. [5] affirms that solar and wind resources are on the upper rungs of the energy ladder, their integration being predominant in higher-income countries. Recent contributions, focused on future electricity systems, also assume that renewable assets can be considered a mix between wind-and solar-power generation [6]. In [7], and apart from wind and PV solar deployment, a slight increase has been estimated during the past few years for other renewable energy sources for electricity. In addition, Ellabban et al. [8] establishes a direct connection between technological maturity and economic barriers, mainly when the cost of a technology is above the cost of other competing alternatives. Therefore, wind and PV solar resources are currently the most integrated renewable energy sources into power systems, excluding hydropower-generation units. Nevertheless, there are no large-area power systems in the world where wind and solar power generate more than 50% of electricity [9].The integration of wind and PV power plants into power systems involves certain technical problems, mainly focused on reliability, power quality, and stability [10]. The intermittent nature of such sources may increase grid stress, mainly due to undesirable oscillations on the supply side [11] that may affect voltage regulation of transmission systems [12]. At a low/medium-voltage level, different reactive power control strategies have also been proposed to facilitate renewables integration [13], including active power curtailment [14]. As an additional solution to guarantee a balance between generation and demand, with reduced capacity and costs of operating reserves [15], short-term forecasting of PV production emerges as a relevant topic of inte...

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Section: Hardware Solution: Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PV Module Monitoring System Based on Low-Cost Solutions: Wireless Raspberry Application and Assessment

Paredes-Parra¹,

Mateo-Aroca

Silvente-Niñirola

et al. 2018

Energies

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“…For example, a solar atlas for Pakistan was made using Meteosat-7 satellite data by validating it with ground measurements based on the ESMAP approach. To adapt the radiation data to the measured datasets, the impacts of different aerosol models were evaluated [14].…”

Section: Spatial Solar Radiation Mapping Using Interpolation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

GIS-Based Solar Radiation Mapping, Site Evaluation, and Potential Assessment: A Review

2019

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In this study, geographic information system (GIS)-based methods and their applications in solar power system planning and design were reviewed. Three types of GIS-based studies, including those on solar radiation mapping, site evaluation, and potential assessment, were considered to elucidate the role of GISs as problem-solving tools in relation to photovoltaic and concentrated solar power systems for the conversion of solar energy into electricity. The review was performed by classifying previous GIS-based studies into several subtopics according to the complexity of the employed GIS-based methods, the type of solar power conversion technology, or the scale of the study area. Because GISs are appropriate for handling geospatial data related to solar resource and site suitability conditions on various scales, the applications of GIS-based methods in solar power system planning and design could be expanded further.

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“…Nonetheless, there is a long way to go as approximately 80 million people, and 40,000 villages do not have access to electricity in Pakistan. As per [35] Pakistan has 2300 GW solar energy potential, and only an inconsiderable amount has been tapped. The majority of electricity is produced using fossil fuels (60.17%), which are imported and therefore burdensome to the economy.…”

Section: Progress Of Solar Pv In Rural Electrificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Techno-Economic Analysis of Solar PV Electricity Supply to Rural Areas of Balochistan, Pakistan

et al. 2018

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Rural electrification is a fundamental step towards achieving universal access to electricity by 2030. On-grid rural electrification remains a costly proposition, therefore the need to consider off-grid renewable energy solutions is inevitable. However, the critical issue pertaining to local power generation through renewable energy is the absence of area-specific production capacity and economic viability data for the different renewable energy technologies. This paper addresses this issue for Pakistan's Balochistan province by assessing the area's potential and economic feasibility of using solar PV for rural electrification. The results suggest that the Balochistan province has the best solar irradiance value in the world. Furthermore, optimal tilt angles calculated for respective regions can significantly increase solar energy yield. The economic feasibility study, carried out for solar PV systems, reveals that the electricity generated using solar PV costs Rs. 7.98 per kWh and is considerably cheaper than conventional electricity, which costs approximately Rs. 20.79 per kWh. Similarly, solar PV systems could mitigate 126,000 metric tons of CO 2 annually if 100% of the unelectrified households adopted solar PV systems. Based on these research findings, this paper proposes a policy that would serve as a guideline for the government to extend solar PV-based off-grid rural electrification projects in Balochistan as well as on a national scale.

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Solar resource assessment study for Pakistan

Cited by 84 publications

References 8 publications

PV Module Monitoring System Based on Low-Cost Solutions: Wireless Raspberry Application and Assessment

PV Module Monitoring System Based on Low-Cost Solutions: Wireless Raspberry Application and Assessment

GIS-Based Solar Radiation Mapping, Site Evaluation, and Potential Assessment: A Review

Techno-Economic Analysis of Solar PV Electricity Supply to Rural Areas of Balochistan, Pakistan

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