Solarfertigation: Internet of Things Architecture for Smart Agriculture

Valecce, Giovanni; Strazzella, Sergio; Radesca, Antonio; Grieco, Luigi Alfredo

doi:10.1109/iccw.2019.8756735

Cited by 23 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Most IoT platforms applied in agriculture reported in the literature present cloud-centric architectures (see Table 1 ) and a monolithic approach as described in [ 11 , 32 ]. This architecture-based approach is not recommended for the context where IRRISENS was evaluated because the platform would be vulnerable to failures that could occur in individual farms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This architecture-based approach is not recommended for the context where IRRISENS was evaluated because the platform would be vulnerable to failures that could occur in individual farms. In the study here presented, we used a microservice-based approach similar to the microservice-based architectures discussed in [ 23 , 24 , 32 ], focused on message flow and the structure supporting that. A digital model was also present in the platforms introduced in [ 40 ] and in [ 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Agriculture 4.0 concept is related to the concept of Industry 4.0 as introduced in [ 14 , 32 ]. The IRRISENS architecture was evaluated according to the industry maturity level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When multiple farms are monitored at the same time, but they must be managed independently, a microservice-based architecture could present advantages compared to a monolithic architecture. However, only a few studies have reported IoT platforms designed with a microservice-based architecture [ 23 , 24 , 32 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

IRRISENS: An IoT Platform Based on Microservices Applied in Commercial-Scale Crops Working in a Multi-Cloud Environment

Maia

Ballester

Baniya

et al. 2020

Sensors

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Research has shown the multitude of applications that Internet of Things (IoT), cloud computing, and forecast technologies present in every sector. In agriculture, one application is the monitoring of factors that influence crop development to assist in making crop management decisions. Research on the application of such technologies in agriculture has been mainly conducted at small experimental sites or under controlled conditions. This research has provided relevant insights and guidelines for the use of different types of sensors, application of a multitude of algorithms to forecast relevant parameters as well as architectural approaches of IoT platforms. However, research on the implementation of IoT platforms at the commercial scale is needed to identify platform requirements to properly function under such conditions. This article evaluates an IoT platform (IRRISENS) based on fully replicable microservices used to sense soil, crop, and atmosphere parameters, interact with third-party cloud services for scheduling irrigation and, potentially, control irrigation automatically. The proposed IoT platform was evaluated during one growing season at four commercial-scale farms on two broadacre irrigated crops with very different water management requirements (rice and cotton). Five main requirements for IoT platforms to be used in agriculture at commercial scale were identified from implementing IRRISENS as an irrigation support tool for rice and cotton production: scalability, flexibility, heterogeneity, robustness to failure, and security. The platform addressed all these requirements. The results showed that the microservice-based approach used is robust against both intermittent and critical failures in the field that could occur in any of the monitored sites. Further, processing or storage overload caused by datalogger malfunctioning or other reasons at one farm did not affect the platform’s performance. The platform was able to deal with different types of data heterogeneity. Since there are no shared microservices among farms, the IoT platform proposed here also provides data isolation, maintaining data confidentiality for each user, which is relevant in a commercial farm scenario.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Agriculture 4.0 concept is related to the concept of Industry 4.0 as introduced in [ 14 , 32 ]. The IRRISENS architecture was evaluated according to the industry maturity level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

IRRISENS: An IoT Platform Based on Microservices Applied in Commercial-Scale Crops Working in a Multi-Cloud Environment

Maia

Ballester

Baniya

et al. 2020

Sensors

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show abstract

“…Applicationspecific [34] All software runs here Platform and applicationspecific [35] [36], [37], [38], [39], [40], [41] Data processing and specific services…”

Section: Generic Servicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

IRRISENS: An IoT Platform Based on Microservices Applied in Commercial-Scale Crops Working in a Multi-Cloud Environment

Maia¹,

Ballester²,

Baniya³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Research has shown the multitude of applications that IoT, cloud computing and forecast technologies present in every sector. In agriculture, one application is the monitoring of factors that influence crop development to assist in making crop management decisions. Research on the application of such technologies in agriculture has been mainly conducted at small experimental sites or under controlled conditions. This research has provided relevant insights and guidelines for the use of different types of sensors, application of a multitude of algorithms to forecast relevant parameters as well as architectural approaches of IoT platforms. However, research on the implementation of IoT platforms at the commercial scale is needed to identify platform requirements to properly function under such conditions. This article evaluates an IoT platform (IRRISENS) based on fully replicable microservices used to sense soil, crop and atmosphere parameters, interact with third party cloud services, planning and scheduling irrigation as well as control of irrigation water control devices. The proposed IoT platform was evaluated during one growing season at four commercial scale farms on two different broadacre irrigated crops with very different water management requirements (rice and cotton). Five main requirements for IoT platforms to be used in agriculture at commercial scale were identified from implementing IRRISENS in rice and cotton production: scalability, flexibility, heterogeneity, robustness to failure and security. The platform addressed all these requirements. The results showed that the microservice approach followed in the platform is robust against both intermittent and critical failures in the field that could occur in any of the monitored sites. Further, processing or storage overload caused for any reason at one farm did not affect the performance of the platform regarding the other monitored farms. This paper also discusses how the microservice approach can address the data heterogeneity issue when crops with different management requirements are monitored. Since there are no shared microservices among farms, the IoT platform proposed here also provides data isolation maintaining data confidentiality for each user, which is relevant in a commercial farm scenario.

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Internet of Things architecture challenges: A systematic review

Nikoui

Rahmani

Balador

et al. 2020

Int J Communication

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The Internet of Things (IoT) is a rapidly growing trend within many domains, such as automotive, avionics, automation, energy, and health. IoT architecture is the system of numerous elements, including sensors, protocols, actuators, cloud services, and layers. IoT architecture plays an important role to provide desired services. Nowadays, tens of IoT architectures are provided by the research community. Many challenges have been identified by the research community, including interoperability, security and privacy, reliability, energy constraints, scalability, and lack of common standards. However, to provide suitable IoT architecture, the importance and priority of requirements in different scenarios may vary, and requirement analysis should be regarded. To this end, this paper presents a systematic mapping survey to give a review of IoT architecture and provide a structured overview of research trends. Moreover, a technical taxonomy is presented for these challenges according to reviewed studies. This classification model can be used as a guideline for future works.

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Solarfertigation: Internet of Things Architecture for Smart Agriculture

Cited by 23 publications

References 11 publications

IRRISENS: An IoT Platform Based on Microservices Applied in Commercial-Scale Crops Working in a Multi-Cloud Environment

IRRISENS: An IoT Platform Based on Microservices Applied in Commercial-Scale Crops Working in a Multi-Cloud Environment

IRRISENS: An IoT Platform Based on Microservices Applied in Commercial-Scale Crops Working in a Multi-Cloud Environment

Internet of Things architecture challenges: A systematic review

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