Solubilization of lipid bilayers by myristyl sucrose ester: effect of cholesterol and phospholipid head group size

Abstract

The solubilization of biological membranes by detergents has been used as a major method for the isolation and purification of membrane proteins and other constituents. Considerable interest in this field has resulted from the finding that different components can be solubilized selectively. Certain membrane constituents are incorporated into small micelles, whereas others remain in the so-called detergent-resistant membrane domains that are large enough to be separated by centrifugation. The detergent resistant fractions contain an elevated percentage of cholesterol, and thus its interaction with specific lipids and proteins may be key for membrane organization and regulation of cellular signaling events.This report focuses on the solubilization process induced by the sucrose monoester of myristic acid, β-D-Fructofuranosyl-6-O-myristyl-α-D-glucopyranoside (MMS), a nonionic detergent. We studied the effect of the head group and the cholesterol content on the process. 1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-snglycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) and Dioctadecyl dimethylammonium chloride (DODAC) vesicles were used, and the solubilization process was followed using Laurdan (6-Dodecanoyl-2-dimethylaminonaphthalene) Generalized Polarization (GP) measurements, carried out in the cuvette and in the 2-photon microscope.Our results indicate that: (i) Localization of the MMS moieties in the lipid bilayer depend on the characteristics of the lipid polar head group and influence the solubilization process. (ii) Insertion of cholesterol molecules into the lipid bilayer protects it from solubilizaton and (iii) the microscopic mechanism of solubilization by MMS implies the decrease in size of the individual liposomes.

Alkyl‐mannoside derivatives: Glycolipids able to form big size aggregates

“…The most common glycolipids contain galactose, mannose, fucose, glucose, glucosamine, galactosamine, or sialic acid as hydrophilic groups . Besides their biological role, their chemical structures make them good candidates for a large and continuously growing number of biotechnological applications such as thermotropic and lyotropic liquid crystals, surfactants, lubricants, cosmetics, and membrane solubilizing agents …”

Effect of a glucose-triazole-hydrogenated cardanol conjugate on lipid bilayer membrane organization and thermotropic phase transition

“…In a recent work, it was observed that 1 forms gels with various aqueous and non-aqueous solvents [18,19]. Sugar-lipid conjugates such as 1 are known for their efficient lipid bilayer membrane perturbation and solubilisation [8,20]. This work is on examining the interaction of 1 with a lipid bilayer membrane towards understanding its effects in modifying the membrane organization and properties.…”

“…Such interactions result in significant changes in the structure and dynamics of lipid bilayer membranes [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Solubilisation and perturbation of lipid bilayer membranes using synthetic and biocompatible amphiphilic compounds has been used for isolation and purification of different membrane components [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

“…Such interactions result in significant changes in the structure and dynamics of lipid bilayer membranes [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Solubilisation and perturbation of lipid bilayer membranes using synthetic and biocompatible amphiphilic compounds has been used for isolation and purification of different membrane components [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. It is well known that the bioactivity and mechanistic properties of these amphiphilic compounds strongly depend on the nature of hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]17] solubilisation of lipid bilayer membrane and thermotropic phase behaviour generally depends upon the molecular properties and concentration of the employed compound [1][2]…”

Visualization of the solubilization process of the plasma membrane of a living cell by waveguide evanescent field fluorescence microscopy

“…3 Not only has solubilization by detergents played an important role in biomembrane research, but also the resistance of some parts of the membrane to detergents has provided evidence for the existence of lipid domains or rafts in cell membranes. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Functional membranes typically exist in the fluid state also called the liquid-disordered state. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Functional membranes typically exist in the fluid state also called the liquid-disordered state.…”