Soluble CD25 as a predictor of hepatocellular carcinoma compared with alpha-fetoprotein

Abstract

Aim of the study We aimed to evaluate soluble CD25 (sCD25) as a marker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) diagnosis. Material and methods Eighty-eight subjects were enrolled in our study in the years 2017-2018. They were divided into three groups as follows: group 1 – HCC group ( n = 44) patients, represented by BCLC stage A ( n = 16) patients, stage B ( n = 14) patients and stage C ( n = 14) patients for each stage. All HCC patients were on top of cirrhosis. Group 2 – group of cirrhotic patients without HCC ( n = 32); 50% of them were Child-Turcotte-Pugh class A ( n = 16) while class B was represented only by 43.7% ( n = 14) of patients. Group 3 – control group ( n = 12) of healthy subjects. Results The levels of sCD25 and AFP were higher in HCC patients than cirrhotic and control groups without a statistically significant difference between the three groups ( p -value > 0.05). For HCC presence, sensitivity and specificity of sCD25 were 86.4% and 29.5% respectively at a cut-off value of 1.1 × 10 3 pg/ml (AUC = 0.619, p -value = 0.054, PPV = 33.2%, NPV = 68.44%). For early detection of HCC, sCD25 had a sensitivity of 70.5% and a specificity of 30.9% at a cut-off value of 1.575 × 10 3 pg/ml (AUC = 0.577, p -value = 0.251, PPV = 58.5%, NPV = 43.1%), while the sensitivity and specificity of AFP were 75% and 62.5% respectively at a cut-off value of 9.5 ng/ml (AUC = 0.828, p = 0.000, PPV = 73.4%, NPV = 64.4%) in the same settings. Conclusions sCD25 seems to offer no better detection rate of HCC compared to AFP with lower sensitivity and specificity.

Clinical significance of cerebrospinal fluid soluble CD25 in pediatric hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis with central nervous system involvement

“…In the case of excessive activation of macrophages and lymphocytes, sCD25 released by cleavage of serum IL-2 binds competitively to IL-2R, inhibiting lymphocyte proliferation, downregulating NK activity, and interfering with immune system function. 12 As an immunosuppressive indicator, it is an early biomarker of T-lymphocyte activation and is positively correlated with disease activity. 13 A single-center, prospective cohort study of 73 patients with suspected HLH by Yoon et al 14 sis; therefore, he was diagnosed with CNS-HLH.…”

“…sCD25 is the alpha chain of the IL‐2 receptor (IL‐2R) complex. In the case of excessive activation of macrophages and lymphocytes, sCD25 released by cleavage of serum IL‐2 binds competitively to IL‐2R, inhibiting lymphocyte proliferation, downregulating NK activity, and interfering with immune system function 12 . As an immunosuppressive indicator, it is an early biomarker of T‐lymphocyte activation and is positively correlated with disease activity 13 .…”