Solution viscosity regulates chondrocyte proliferation and phenotype during 3D culture

Abstract

Chondrocytes are cultured in a 3D biphasic gelatin solution/hydrogel system. Solution viscosity affects chondrocyte functions. High viscosity is more beneficial for cell phenotype maintenance, while low viscosity is more beneficial for proliferation.

Osteogenic and Adipogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Gelatin Solutions of Different Viscosities

“…[37][38][39] Cell can spread more in low-viscosity solution than in high-viscosity solution. [29] Restricted cell spreading can inhibit cell proliferation. [40] Influence of gelatin solution viscosity on osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of MSCs was compared.…”

“…[ 37–39 ] Cell can spread more in low‐viscosity solution than in high‐viscosity solution. [ 29 ] Restricted cell spreading can inhibit cell proliferation. [ 40 ]…”

“…MSCs were embedded in physically crosslinked gelatin hydrogel by suspending them in gelatin solution at 37 ˚C and gelation at 4 ˚C. [ 29 ] The sub‐cultured MSCs were detached by treatment with trypsin/EDTA solution (Sigma‐Aldrich, St Louis, Missouri, USA) and re‐suspended in the as‐prepared 9 types of gelatin solutions (5%, 10%, and 15%, w/v) at a final density of 5 × 10 6 cells mL −1 . Each of the cell‐laden gelatin solution was poured into a 300 µm thick silicone frame (AS ONE, Japan) which was placed on a perfluoroalkoxy (PFA) film‐wrapped copper plate at 37 ˚C.…”

“…Recently, a 3D culture system has been established by embedding gelatin solutions of different viscosities in a chemically crosslinked hydrogel. [ 29 ] The system is applicable for 3D culture of MSCs in viscous microenvironments. Meanwhile, osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of MSCs has been frequently conducted in either osteogenic or adipogenic induction medium.…”

Enzyme-Crosslinked Electrospun Fibrous Gelatin Hydrogel for Potential Soft Tissue Engineering

“…Furthermore, even if the synthetic tissue scaffolds have been appropriately implanted, the functionality lost and the reduced graft survival remain challenges [ 5 ]. Because the extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a pivotal role in cell survival, migration and differentiation, numerous materials with ECM mimicking biophysical and biochemical properties have been developed to address these limitations [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ].…”