Solutions and the Algorithm of Screening Indicating the Presence of FASD in Preschool Aged Children in the System of Early Care

Abstract

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder is an overarching term that describes the extent of eff ects of prenatal alcohol exposure. It includes the range of neurodevelopmental fi ndings and other medical fi ndings specifi c for FAS. Measurability of characteristics depends on several factors, such as diagnostic instruments, multidisciplinary focus, etc. Th e objective of the contribution is to provide the primary early care givers with recommendations for FASD screening. It involves suggestions that deal with recognition, protection and intervention of children with FASD in the most elaborate and unbiased manner. Results of the study off er selective intention of screening in preschool-aged children. Th e research was conducted with 173 children aged from 3 to 7 years. Th e authors used their own concept of selected domains indicating the occurrence of impairments in FASD domains. Specifi c quantitative and qualitative research methods were assigned to them. Th e impairments relate to anthropometric deviations determining early occurrence of FASD. Th e authors have selected the domain of basic anthropometry: head circumference, height and weight and philtrum and the obtained results from domains: auditory processing, selected cognitive components, motor system, speech and sensory processing. Conclusions defi ne basic criteria for FASD screening in general population and basic algorithm of distribution of recognized child in a system of early care in the SR. Th ey rely on the fact that there is urgent demand in Slovakia to involve participants in active FASD care.