Solvent‐assisted dispersive micro‐SPE by using aminopropyl‐functionalized magnetite nanoparticle followed by GC‐PID for quantification of parabens in aqueous matrices

Abstract

In this research, solvent-assisted dispersive micro-SPE was introduced as a simple modified technique for the determination of parabens in water and cosmetic samples. Aminopropyl-functionalized magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) were successfully synthesized and applied. GC with photoionization detector was used for the separation and detection of parabens. In this method, hexylacetate (15 μL) as a solvent and aminopropyl-functionalized MNPs (5 μg) as a sorbent were added to an aqueous sample (10 mL) and then the sample was sonicated. Dispersed magnetite was collected in the bottom of the conical tube by using a strong magnet and then ACN was added as a desorption solvent. Forty microliters of this solvent was transferred into a microvial and then acetic anhydride and pyridine were added, thus derivatization was performed by acetic anhydride. After evaporation, 1 μL of derivatized sample was injected into a gas chromatograph for analysis. Several important parameters, such as kind of organic solvent, desorption solvent and volume, amount of aminopropyl-functionalized MNPs and effect of salt addition were investigated. Under optimum conditions, the limits of detection achieved were between 50 and 300 ng/L, with RSDs (n = 5) lower than 8%. Under the optimum conditions, the enrichment factors ranged from 217 to 1253 and the extraction recoveries ranged from 10 to 62%. The recoveries were obtained for the analytes in river water and mouthwash solution and hand cream in the range of 87-103%. The advantages of proposed method are simplicity of operation, rapidity, high extraction yields, and environmental friendly character.

Analytical Methodologies for the Determination of Personal Care Products in Water Samples

“…In all cases, the ionization is achieved in EI mode. Regarding the employment of other detectors, FID and photoionization detector (PID) were used by Prichodko et al [126] and Abbasghorbani et al [129], respectively, obtaining poor sensitivity in the determination of parabens. However, Shih et al [130] employed an ECD for triclosan determination taking advantage of the good instrumental sensitivity that the chlorine atoms of this compound have in this detector.…”

“…Another solid phasebased microextraction techniques, such as MEPS was proposed by González-Mariño et al [124] for the extraction of triclosan and parabens. Abbasghorbani et al [129] used dμSPE to determine different parabens by dispersing 5 mg of Fe 3 O 4 @aminopropyl MNPs into the water sample. Alcudia-León et al [132] also used MNPs as sorbent to extract different parabens.…”

“…Thus, it is common to perform a silylation [27,60,103,104,112,122,133], generally after the extraction is accomplished, or acetylation [96,106,116,117,120,123,129,132], generally during the extraction in order to increase both the extraction efficiency and volatility.…”

Ultrasound-assisted extraction of emerging contaminants from environmental samples

“…Recently, several UA-mSPE methods were reported for the analysis of emerging contaminants in liquid samples [30][31][32][33][34]. In these studies, the surface of the MNPs, generally NPs of magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ), were subjected to different surface functionalizations.…”

A comparative study on different functionalized mesoporous silica nanomagnetic sorbents for efficient extraction of parabens

“…Magnetic nanocomposites of self-doped polyaniline-graphene were also used for the magnetic solid-phase extraction of methyl-, propyl-, and butylparabens [16].The removal of four parabens, methyl-, ethyl-, propyl-and benzylparaben, by β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) polymer from aqueous solution has been studied [17]. Amino-functionalized MNPs were also used for determination of parabenes in aqueous media by Abbasghorbani et al [18]. They directly modified Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles with 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES).…”