Solvent free chemical oxidative polymerization as a universal method for the synthesis of ultra high molecular weight conjugated polymers based on 3,4-propylenedioxythiophenes

Abstract

In this communication, we report on a solvent free chemical oxidative polymerization route for the monomers based on 3,4-propylenedioxythiophenes wherein the process is applicable to both solid as well as liquid monomers and results in the bulk synthesis of ultra high molecular weight polymers.

The mechanochemical synthesis of polymers

“…Whereas room-temperature aging only yielded low-molecular-weight products ( M n = 3000 Da), Kumar's group showed that aging at elevated temperatures (100 °C) produces high-molecular-weight polymers in good yields, using poly(3,4-propylenedioxythiophene) as an example. 195 Zoromba synthesised poly( o -aminophenol) using an automated mortar-and-pestle grinder (Retsch RM200) ( Fig. 8D ).…”

Continuous assembly of polymers via solid phase reactions

“…For instance, polymerization in the solid state usually results in higher molecular weight materials compared to the solution state. 19,20 Furthermore, the fabrication of homogeneous cross-linked lms from highly rigid polymers with large molecular weights is extremely challenging using solution-based systems due to the inherent steric hindrance and diffusion barrier. 21 This issue is especially prominent for conjugated polymers employed in electronic devices, as they generally have poor processability and possess rigid rod-like conformations.…”

Poly(Styrene Sulfonate) Free Poly(3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene) as a Robust and Solution-Processable Hole Transport Layer for Organic Solar Cells

“…It is also mentioned here that PEDOT was obtained by SSP is highly conducting, transparent and well defined structure . Conducting PEDOT thin film and ultra high molecular poly(3,4‐propylenedioxythiophene)s were also reported using oxidative polymerization methods. Very recently, Chen and co‐workers reported PSS free PEDOT as a transparent electrode (cathode) on silver grid for inverted device structure as a replacement of hybrid electrode of PEDOT:PSS and ITO .…”