Somaclonal Variation and Genetic Molecular Markers in Woody Plants

Fourre, Jl.

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-2311-4_18

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 152 publications

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“…The loss of ability to regenerate could be explained by either loss or mutation of genes essential for regeneration, or by changes in ploidy level (Deverno 1995). The activation and insertion of transposable elements is another mechanism that can cause variation in tissue culture during repeated subcultures (Fourré 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, early detection of variants is important so that deleterious effects that might be expressed later in growth do not result in having a severe economic impact (Fourré 2000). In in vitro culture, several factors, such as exposure to high concentrations of growth regulators and long-term maintenance under artificial conditions, can be potential inducers of somaclonal variation (DeVerno 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Variation can be assessed based on changes in phenotypic traits, changes in isozyme and protein patterns, changes in chromosome structure and number, and DNA alterations, or epigenetic characteristics (Fourré 2000). Some genetic molecular markers, such as RFLP (DeVerno et al 1994), RAPD (Isabel et al 1993;Fourré et al 1997) and AFLP (Hornero et al 2001), have been used for analysis of true-to-typeness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of genetic stability at SSR loci during somatic embryogenesis in maritime pine (Pinus pinaster)

et al. 2009

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Somatic embryogenesis (SE) is a propagation tool of particular interest for accelerating the deployment of new high-performance planting stock in multivarietal forestry. However, genetic conformity in in vitro propagated plants should be assessed as early as possible, especially in long-living trees such as conifers. The main objective of this work was to study such conformity based on genetic stability at simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci during somatic embryogenesis in maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.). Embryogenic cell lines (ECLs) subjected to tissue proliferation during 6, 14 or 22 months, as well as emblings regenerated from several ECLs, were analyzed. Genetic variation at seven SSR loci was detected in ECLs under proliferation conditions for all time points, and in 5 out of 52 emblings recovered from somatic embryos. Three of these five emblings showed an abnormal phenotype consisting mainly of plagiotropism and loss of apical dominance. Despite the variation found in somatic embryogenesis-derived plant material, no correlation was established between genetic stability at the analyzed loci and abnormal embling phenotype, present in 64% of the emblings. The use of microsatellites in this work was efficient for monitoring mutation events during the somatic embryogenesis in P. pinaster. These molecular markers should be useful in the implementation of new breeding and deployment strategies for improved trees using SE.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of genetic stability at SSR loci during somatic embryogenesis in maritime pine (Pinus pinaster)

et al. 2009

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“…Thus, it is important to know the frequency, genomic distribution, mechanisms, and factors influencing somaclonal variation (Polanco and Ruiz 2002). Direct methods, as molecular (Al-Zahim et al 1999;Fourré 2000;Gesteira et al 2002;Polanco and Ruiz 2002;Encheva et al 2003;Renau-Morata et al 2005;Chen et al 2006), cytometric (Brutovská et al 1998;Thiem and Sliwinska 2003;Alan et al 2007;Parc et al 2007), and cytogenetic tools (Kochevenko et al 1996;Fourré et al 1997;Brutovská et al 1998;Al-Zahim et al 1999;Do et al 1999;Tremblay et al 1999;Menéndes-Yuffá et al 2000) have been used to detect and select somaclonal variants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Recovering polyploid papaya in vitro regenerants as screened by flow cytometry

Clarindo

Carvalho

Araújo

et al. 2007

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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Several protocols have been proposed for in vitro propagation of papaya, either based on somatic embryogenesis or shoot organogenesis. It is well-known that tissue culture-based approaches are frequently associated with somaclonal variation. Whether on the one hand this phenomenon can preclude further stages of in vitro culture, on the other hand it can generate useful genetic variability for crop improvement. However, somaclonal variation analyses are limited in papaya tissue culture. The DNA ploidy level of 250 papaya somatic embryogenesis-derived plantlets from immature zygotic embryos was analyzed by flow cytometry. In vitrogrown and greenhouse seed-derived plantlets were used as diploid standards. Flow cytometry unambiguously evidenced euploid (diploid, mixoploid, triploid and tetraploid) and aneuploid papaya plantlets, indicating that in vitro culture conditions can lead the occurrence of somaclonal variation. Additionally, the two subsequent flow cytometry analyses showed that the DNA ploidy level remained stable in all cloned papaya plantlets during the successive subcultures in the multiplication medium.

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“…The first molecular studies of SE in conifers, including pines, were performed with the aim of evaluating genetic stability of the cultures (Fourré 2000). The occurrence of genetic alterations, which may include changes in chromosome number and/or structure and in DNA sequence, is one of the most often suggested causes for loss of se maturation capacity in aged conifer EM and for deviation from normal embryo development.…”

Section: Molecular Markers To Evaluate Genetic Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Somatic Embryogenesis for More Effective Breeding and Deployment of Improved Varieties in Pinus spp.: Bottlenecks and Recent Advances

Lelu-Walter¹,

Klimaszewska

Miguel

et al. 2016

Somatic Embryogenesis: Fundamental Aspects and Applications

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Global transition towards a bioeconomy sets new demands for wood supply (bioenergy, biomaterials, biochemicals, etc.), and the forestry sector is also expected to help mitigate climate change by increasing carbon fixation. For increased biomass production, the use of improved, genetically superior materials becomes a necessity, and vegetative propagation of elite genotypes provides a potential delivery mechanism for this. Vegetative propagation through somatic embryogenesis alone or in combination with rooted cuttings obtained from somatic young trees can facilitate both tree breeding (greater selection accuracy and gains,

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Somaclonal Variation and Genetic Molecular Markers in Woody Plants

Cited by 7 publications

References 152 publications

Analysis of genetic stability at SSR loci during somatic embryogenesis in maritime pine (Pinus pinaster)

Analysis of genetic stability at SSR loci during somatic embryogenesis in maritime pine (Pinus pinaster)

Recovering polyploid papaya in vitro regenerants as screened by flow cytometry

Somatic Embryogenesis for More Effective Breeding and Deployment of Improved Varieties in Pinus spp.: Bottlenecks and Recent Advances

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